Old yellow enzyme family

Williams RE, DA Rathbone, NS Scrutton, NC Bruce (2004) Biotransformation of explosives by the Old Yellow Enzyme family of flavoproteins. Appl Environ Microbiol 70 3566-3574. 

Stuermer, R., Hauer, B., Hall, M. and Faber, K. (2007) Asymmetric bioreduction of activated C C bonds using enoate reductases from the old yellow enzyme family. Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, 11, 203-213. 

Another approach to preparing enantiomerically pure carboxylic acids and related compounds is via enanhoselective reduction of conjugated double bonds using NAD(P)H-dependent enoate reductases (EREDs EC 1.3.1.X), members of the so-called Old Yellow Enzyme family [44]. EREDs are ubiquitous in nature and their catalytic mechanism is well documented [45]. They contain a catalytic flavin cofactor and a stoichiometric nicotinamide cofactor which must be regenerated (Scheme 6.23). 

The biocatalytic counterpart for the stereoselective reductirai of alkenes is catalyzed by flavin-dependent ene-reductases, " EC 1.3.1.31], which are members of the old yellow enzyme family (OYE, Scheme 2.134) [968,969], first described in the 1930s [970]. These enzymes are widely distributed in microorganisms and in plants. Some of them occur in well-defined pathways, e.g., in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and secondary metabolites, such as morphine [971] and jasmonic acid [972]. Others are involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics [973], such as nitro esters [974] and nitro-aromatics [975] like trinitrotoluene (TNT) [976]. 

Toogood, H.S., Gardiner, J.M., and Scrutton, N.S. (2010) Biocatalytic reductions and chemical versatility of the old yellow enzyme family of flavoprotein oxidoreductases. ChemCatChem, 2, 892-914. 

Durchschein, K., Wallner, S., Macheroux, P., Zangger, K., Fabian, W.M.F., and Faber, K. (2012) Unusual C=C bond isomerization of an a, 3-unsaturated y-butyrolactone catalysed by flavoproteins from the old yellow enzyme family. ChemBioChem, 13, 2346-2351. 

Asymmetric bioreduction of activated ketones catalyzed by members of the old yellow enzyme family showing the reductive (nicotinamide-dependent) and oxidative (alkene-dependent) half reactions [13]. 

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