Ohmic penalty

Working within a similar scheme, DeBecker and West introduced a treatment of feature scale effects on the overall current distribution which they call the hierarchical model [138]. Rather than represent the features as a smoothly varying density of active area, they retain the features, but simplify their representation in the global model. An integral current for each feature is assigned to the geometric center of the feature to provide a simplified boundary condition for the secondary current distribution. This boundary condition captures a part of the ohmic penalty paid when current lines converge onto features. It thus contains more information than the active area approximation but still less than a fully matched current distribution on the two levels. 

Increase in the Space-Time Yield at a Constant Ohmic Penalty... 

Equation (17.32) shows that a decrease in the inter-electrode gap leads to the enhancement of the attainable space-time yield. Moreover, for a given electrolyte conductivity, the process intensification is realized without enhancing the ohmic penalty, as shown by the combination of Equations (17.11), (17.20) and (17.28) ... 

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