Compounds of Gold

Adverse side effects of gold treatments include stomatitis, rash, and proteinuria. Complete blood counts and urinalysis should be performed before each or every other injection of gold compounds. Pmritic skin rash and stomatitis are more common adverse effects that may resolve, if therapy is withheld for a few weeks and then restarted cautiously at a lower dose. Oral gold causes less mucocutaneous, bone marrow, and renal toxicity than injectable gold, but more diarrhea and other gastrointestinal reactions appear. 

Both silver (m.p. 962°C, b.p. 2212°C) and gold (m.p. 1065°C, b.p. 2807°C) have characteristic brilliant white and yellow colours in bulk but when finely divided are black or, in the case of gold, can be purple, ruby red or blue. Thus reduction of gold compounds by SnCl2 gives the colloid known as Purple of Cassius , which is used as a ceramic colorant. 

Melnik, M. and Parish, R.V. (1986) Classification and analysis of gold compounds on the basis of their x-ray structural and mdssbauer spectroscopic data. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 70, 157-257. 

A considerable amount of the gold that accumulates in the kidneys and liver of mammalian species is bound to MTs. This buildup of gold in the kidneys is accompanied by elevated levels of renal copper to form copper-rich, gold-bearing MTs. In cell lines that overproduce MT, there is commonly a resistance to the cytotoxic effects of gold compounds. This resistance is also seen often in parent lines that have been repeatedly exposed to gold complexes. The mechanisms of resistance include but are not limited to enhanced biosynthesis of MT [102]. 

The effect of gold compounds on human neutrophil myeloperoxidase, in Bioinorganic Chemistry of Gold Coordination Compounds (eds B.M. Sutton and R.G. Franz), SK F, Philadelphia, pp. 58-66. 

Utilization of Specific Surface Interaction of Gold Compounds with the Metal Oxide Supports... 

There is an important class of gold compounds in which the formal oxidation state is intermediate between 0 and +1. They can be homo- or heteronuclear compounds, for which excellent reviews have been published recently.3153-3155,3211... 

Gold has been used in medicine for many centuries, and since the 1920s several injectable gold compounds have been widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Recent reviews of the medicinal uses of gold compounds have been published (412-414). 

C7. Coke, H., Some studies on the pharmacodynamics of gold compounds. Proc. 

Generally, 2 months of multiple dosing of gold compounds is required to reach steady-state levels. Auranofm therapy produces lower steady-state blood gold concentrations than does treatment with parenteral gold compounds, but it also produces a lower incidence of adverse effects. 

X-Ray Structural Investigations of Gold Compounds. A Compilation of Reference Data 7... 

It is generally true that a given high oxidation state is thermodynamically more stable in an anionic species than in a binary compound (4). Many of the experimental observations are compatible with the electronegativity of the metal atom in the complex anion being appreciably lower than in the corresponding binary compound (73). The first successful approach to the synthesis of gold compounds of... 

Simultaneous administration of gold compounds with other nephrotoxic, hep-atotoxic, or myelosuppressive and penicillamine drugs must be avoided because of associated toxicities. Metal toxicity can be treated with dimercaprol, and drugs must be withdrawn. 

The question of the hazards of explosive fulminating gold must be addressed. Fulminating gold is a family of gold compounds containing... 

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