O-, m- and p-Tolyl

The fluorine atoms are readily replaced by phenyl or o-, m-, and p-tolyl groups on treatment with the corresponding lithium... 

Aryl halides containing less reactive halogen can also be converted into sulfides by thiols if heavy-metal (lead, zinc, mercury) thiols are used at 225-230° 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl sulfide,301 1- and 2-naphthyl phenyl sulfide,302 and 1-and 2-naphthyl o-, m-, and p-tolyl sulfide303 have been obtained in this way. When the heavy-metal thiolates are too stable and do not react with aryl bromides even at 240°, the aryl sulfides can nevertheless often be prepared by a generally applicable reaction of aryl iodides with sodium thiolates under the influence of copper as catalyst.304... 

Synonyms Methyl benzaldehydes, mixed o-, m-, P- Tolualdehyde Tolualdehyde isomers Tolualdehydes, mixed o-, m-, p- Toluenecarboxaldehyde Tolyl aldehydes, mixed o-, m-, p-Definition Mixt. of o-, m-, and p-tolyl aldehydes Empirical CsHsO... 

Similarly, 5-thiazole alkanoic acids and their salts are obtained from thioamides and /3-halo -y-keto acids (695). Thus thioarylamides condensed with 3-aroyl-3-bromopropionic acid (88) in isopropanolic solution in the presence of Na COs give first 4-hydroxy-2-aryl-A-2-thiazoline-5-acetic acid intermediates (89), which were dehydrated in toluene with catalytic amounts of p-toluene sulfonic acid to 2,4-diaryl-5-thiazole acetic acid (90) (Scheme 39) (657), with R = H or Me Ar = Ph, o-, m- or p-tolyl, o-, m-, or P-CIC6H4, 0-, m-, or p-MeOC(iH4, P-CF3C6H4, a-thienyl, a-naphthyl (657). 

Conformational populations of cyanomethylphosphine oxides (136) have been estimated from dipole moments and indicate a preference for the tra/15-conformation. The moments of the o-, m- and p-chloro- and tolyl-derivatives of triaryl phosphites (137, Y = ) and triaryl phosphates (137 Y = O) indicate that the oxygen atom in the latter series causes the aryl rings to rotate further away from a position in which their planes all meet along the molecular symmetry axis. Conformational studies have also been carried out on the dioxaphosphorinanes. The moments of the isomeric series (138a) and (138b) were in the ranges 3.7—4.2 and 5.4—5.5 D respectively. ... 

The kinetics and mechanism of the phosphorus-catalysed dimerization of acrylonitrile to give 1,4-dicyanobut-l-ene and 2,4-dicyanobut-l-ene have been studied.114 The reactions of aryhminodimagnesium (138) with //-substituted p-cyanobenzophenones, l-cyano-9-fluorenenone, o-, m-, and p-dicyanobcnzcnes, and o-, m-, and p-nitrobenzonitriles have been examined.115 The effect of pressure on the reaction of 3 -methyl- l-(4-tolyl)triazene (139) and benzoic acid in chloroform and acetonitrile has been studied.116 The effect of acids on the rate of urethane formation from alcohols and isocyanates in the presence of alkyltin carboxylates has been examined.117 A Hammett a value has been reported for the amidine group N=CHNMe2 and used for the prediction of the basicity of sites in bifunctional amidines.118... 

The efficiency of photoaddition of maleimides to benzene strongly depends on the N-substituent [37,75], Substituents possessing a ir-clectron system that can have significant overlap with the nitrogen lone-pair orbital (phenyl, m- and p-tolyl, p-methoxyphenyl) almost completely inhibit the reaction. Maleimides with substituents which either have no -rr-electron system (H, alkyl) or have a ir-electron system which is prevented from significant overlap with the orbital on nitrogen (benzyl, o-tolyl, 2,6-xylyl) show efficient reaction. The lack of reactivity of maleimides with conjugating substituents is considered to result from the... 

The following compounds are reported to have been deaminated by decomposing their stabilized diazonijim salts aniline 8 o-, m-, and p-toluidine 6 o-, m-, and p-anisidine 6 o-, m-, and p-nitroaniline 8 2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-aminotoluene 101 m-phenylenediamine 8 wi-tolyl-enediamine 8 p-aminophenol 8 benzidine 8 a- and /3-naphthylamine. . ) ... 

Whereas m- and p-tolyl azides 160 b and c) give rise to the expected cyano-cyclopentadienes 164 and 165 (which interconvert thermally o-tolyl azide 160a) could not be forced to undergo the violent decomposition, and only minute C=N absorptions were visible in the IR spectra of the crude pyrolysates, obtained even from p3nrolyses at 900 °C. The main product was o,o -azotoluene (37% at 450 °C/0.1—0.2 mm). The failure of the nitrene from 160a to contract may be ascribed to collisions with the methyl group, deactivating the nitrene (cf. Ref. )). 

Addition of chlorosulfonic acid (one equivalent) to a solution of / -cresol 127 in carbon disulfide at —15 °C, gave p-tolyl hydrogen sulfate 128 (Equation 41). Reaction of p-cresol 127 with excess chlorosulfonic acid at room temperature yields 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzene-1,3-disulfonyl chloride 129. o-, m- and p-Cresols were sulfonated by the action of chlorosulfonic acid at 25-105 °C and the isomeric mixture of cresolsulfonic acids by treatment with formaldehyde (2 1) gave condensation products which were useful pharmaceuticals. ... 

However, he did find an absorption band at 6.05 n for solid A -o-tolyl-o-glucosylamine, and also for fV-2-naphthyl-D-glucosylamine, indicating for the first time the existence of a Schiff-base structure for A -substituted glucosylamines in the solid state. For the other A -substituted o-glucosyl-amines tested (A-phenyl, A-p-nitrophenyl, and A-m-nitro-p-tolyl), no Schiff-base structure was indicated. All compounds exhibited a band at 2.88 n which could have been given by either an NH or an OH grouping. 

Arj Po] have a better chance to escape decomposition in the case of o-and p-tolyl derivatives and to produce Arj °PoX by associating with the counterion X in the solution in solvents of low polarity, than the m-tolyl derivatives. In the case of (m-Tol)3 °Bi, the excited molecular cations have higher probability to decompose... 

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