O Globulins

Previous applications of ESI-MS could quantify intact proteins at relatively high concentrations, such as that of human transferrin in plasma samples [79] and o ,-globulin in urine and kidney samples [80]. With the use of solid-phase extraction combined with a high-sensitivity MS, improvements on sensitivity were achieved, for example for the quantification of rk5 in monkey plasma reaching a LLOQ of 10.29 ng/mL [81]. 

Electrophoretically separated bands of abnormal plasma proteins possess abnormal and variable lissamine green-binding capacities (B23). Part of the explanation for this lies in the heterogeneity of these fractions. Electrophoretically separated albumin is no exception and may be contaminated with lipid and lipoprotein on paper (03) and with lipid and an o-globulin on starch gel (P13). 

Humans are not believed to be susceptible to proximal tubule damage by the mechanism, since they do not produce the o globulin protein. Analogous human proteins could possibly undergo the same... 

Hemoglobin, lysozyme, insulin, collagen 19-s-o(-globulins 3-5-a2-globulins Protein / mucopolysaccharide complexes... 

Arsenic is bound in serum to protein (O]-globulin) and in erythrocytes to the globin part of hemoglobin. Normally the ratio of erythrocyte to plasma arsenic level is 3 1. Arsenic leaves the intravascular space within 24 hr. The blood-brain barrier is hardly penetrated by inorganic forms. Arsenic is stored first in liver (which contains proteins with SH groups), kidney, spleen, and lung [8,9,12,19,39]. 

The ammonium sulphate precipitate (4) of serum was assayed by iniection of the equivalent of 1 ml per mouse, the purified o-globulin at the equivalent of 2 ml of serum per mouse, a vs. b... 

Electrophoretic analysis of this serum gave the following results, in terms of per cent total refractive area albumin 32.9%, o-globulins 6.2%, /1-globulins 11.8%, and T-globuIins 50.2 %. 

Goldsworthy TL, Lyght O, Burnett VL, et al. 1988. Potential role of alpha-2y-globulin, protein droplet accumulation, and cell replication in the renal carcinogenicity of rats exposed to trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, and pentachloroethane. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 96 367-379. 

Bayard, C., Holmquist, L. and Vesterberg, O. (1996) Purification and identification of allergenic alpha (2u)-globulin species of rat urine. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1290, 129-34. 

Wasserman, L., Semenova, M., Tsapkina, E. (1997). Thermodynamic properties of the 11S globulin of Vicia faba-o valbumi n-aqueous solvent system phase behaviour and light scattering. Food Hydrocolloids, 11, 327-337. 

Zone electrophoresis is mostly used for biological applications. Peptide separation and the measurement of protein fractions from blood serum (proteinogram of albumin and o-, (3- and 7-globulins) are among the better known applications. This TLC for biochemists is useful for the separation of polysaccharides, nucleic acids (for DNA sequencing), proteins and other colloidal species. 

H4. Hata, N., Ito, M., Mizuta, H., Nose, O., and Miyai, K., Enzyme immunoassay of thyroxin-binding globulin in dried blood samples on filter paper. Clin. Chem. 29, 1437-1440 (1983). 

Smithies, O. Variation in human serum (3-globulins. Nature 180, 1482 (1957). 

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