O-Dichloro benzene

The following liquids may be used (boiling points are given in parentheses) — chlorobenzene (132-3°) bromobenzene (155°) p cymene (176°) o-dichloro-benzene (180°) aniline (184°) methyl benzoate (200°) teti-alin (207°) ethyl benzoate (212°) 1 2 4-trichlorobenzene (213°) iaopropyl benzoate (218°) methyl salicylate (223°) n-propyl benzoate (231°) diethyleneglycol (244°) n-butyl benzoate (250°) diphenyl (255°) diphenyl ether (259°) dimethyl phth ate (282°) diethyl phthalate (296°) diphenylamine (302°) benzophenone (305)° benzyl benzoate (316°). 

The high boiling point residue contains p- (b.p. 173°, m.p. 53°) and o-dichloro-benzene (b.p. 179°), which may be separated, upon cooling in ice, the moderately pure solid para isomer separate out. 

This aldehyde synthesis is applicable to compounds of the aromatic series having a labile hydrogen atom (phenyl ethers,1 naphthols,2 dialkylanilines,3-4 naphthostyril,2 anthrones 2) and to certain hydrocarbons of requisite reactivity (anthracene,5-6 7 1,2-benzanthracene,6 3,4-benzpyrene,3 7 pyrene,8 styrene,9 and a, a-diarylethylenes 9). With polynuclear hydrocarbons the best results are secured by the use of a solvent such as o-dichloro-benzene. 9-Anthraldehyde has also been prepared by the action of hydrogen cyanide and aluminum chloride on anthracene in chlorobenzene.10... 

The 1H NMR spectra of the polymers were obtained with a Varian HR-300 spectrometer, at 110-120° C, using 5-10% solutions of polymer in hexachloro-butadiene. The effect of temperature and solvent on the H NMR spectrum of a cationically prepared poly(4-methyl-l-pentene) was investigated. Figure 1-3 show the results obtained with carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, o-dichloro-benzene, p-dichlorobenzene, and hexachlorobutadiene. 

At the lowest ratio (0.67) at which a homogeneous solution (o-dichloro-benzene solvent) can be obtained a slow reaction leads predominantly to the carbon-carbon coupled product, 3.3, 5,5 -tetra-methyldiphenoqui-none. When the ligand ratio is increased, C-O coupling to yield polymer gradually increases and at a ten to one ratio only minor amounts of diphenoquinone are formed. In contrast Endres has found (Fig. 2) that... 

In the reaction of activated aryl halides with phenoxide and thiophenoxide in chloro- or o-dichloro-benzene at reflux, pyridinium salts (48 R, R = —-CH2CH2CHMeCH2CH2— R = Me, Bu", n-C6Hi3 R = CH2CHEtBu, CH2BU1) proved to be superior catalysts to simpler onium salts, like TBAB, due mainly to their greater thermal stability.162... 

Thiolate anions37 38 and oxime alkoxides38 react under phase transfer conditions to give aryl sulfides and O-aryl oximes, respectively the o-dichloro benzene complex can be converted selectively to the monosubstitution product (equation 9). The arylation of oximes leads to a simple process for benzofuran formation (equation 10). Simple primary and secondary amine nucleophiles react smoothly in the absence of added base, in a very general and efficient process for aniline derivatives.49... 

One hundred and sixty-three grams (1.11 moles) of o-dichloro-benzene is nitrated by the addition at 60° with stirring of a mixture of 200 ml. of concentrated sulfuric acid and 175 ml. of nitric acid (sp. gr. 1.42). The reaction is complete after 2 hours of stirring. The product is washed several times with water, dried over calcium chloride, and distilled. A 95% yield of 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene boiling at 254r-257° is obtained. 

Methylpyrazine heated with dimethylformamide and sulfur in o-dichloro-benzene at about 150-180° (with and without iodine as catalyst) gave 2-N-methyl(thiocarbamoyl)py razine and 2-A, yV-dimethyl(thiocarbamoyl)pyrazine (1268,... 

The systematic errors introduced by flow rate differences may be avoided by adding to the solutions a minimum amount of a low-molecular-weight internal standard (o-dichloro benzene, toluene, acetone, sulfur) which must not interfere with the polymer peaks. Flow rate is monitored in each chromatogram by measuring the retention time of the internal standard, and eventual variations may be corrected accordingly. 

Volatile organic contaminants such as benzene, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene, o-dichloro-benzene, p-dichlorobenzene, 1,1-dichloroethylene, cis-l,2-dichloroethylene, tra s-l,2-dicholoro-ethylene, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane 1,2-dichloropropane, ethylbenzene, styrene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, 1,1,1,-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, toluene, vinyl chloride, and xylenes. 

PENTANETHIOL HEXACHLORO-BENZENE HEXAFLUORO-BENZENE O-DICHLORO-BENZENE M-DICHLORO-BENZENE P-DICHLORO-BENZENE M-DIFLUORO-BENZENE O-DIFLUORO-BENZENE P-DIFLUORO-BENZENE BROMOBENZENE CHLOROBENZENE FLUOROBENZENE lODOBENZENE BENZENE PHENOL BENZENETHIOL... 

O-Dichloro- benzene 1,2-Dichloro benzene Downtherm E Orthodichloro- Benzene ... 

O-Dichloro- benzene 155 165 2.2 9.2 Water, foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide Not pertinent Not pertinent 1198 No ... 

The triazine-based -activated thioether XIV does not show any synergism with Vile, although this compound is comparable with distearylthiodipropionate in hydroperoxide decomposition activity. Using the method of Hiatt et al. (II) to measure the rate of decomposition of tert-butylhydroperoxide, both compounds showed the same rate in o-dichloro-benzene at 80°C. In Figure 1 the effect of compatibility of -activated thioethers on the induction periods of their synergistic mixtures with Vile is shown. The best results are obtained again with the mixture VIIe-DSTDP. 

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