Nutrition energy balance

Albanes et al. [79] examined the relationships among energy balance, body size and cancer risk using data from the first U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and its follow-up study. The age-adjusted relative risk of cancer for men above 169 cm in height is significantly increased by 1.4- to 1.5-fold when compared to that for men under 169 cm... 

Richard D, Ferland J, Lalonde J, Samson P, Deshaies Y (2000) Influence of topiramate in the regulation of energy balance. Nutrition 16 961-966... 

Melnichuk, G.L. (1970). Nutritive requirements and energy balance in carp fry of Kremenchug reservoir (In Russian). Gydrobiologicheskii Zhumal 6,50-56. 

It is generally accepted that the primary etiology of obesity concerns problems of energy balance as a consequence of nutritional excess and physical inactivity with less than 1% of cases associated with endocrine dysfunction (13). Changes in body weight or body composition depend on the relationship of energy intake to energy... 

A problem for many people in the United States is excess body weight stored as fet. Many persons have tried to capitalize on this problem with fruitless weight-loss schemes. However, since energy is conserved, an energy balance reveals only two real ways to lose weight (other than water loss) (1) reduce the caloric intake, and/or (2) increase the caloric expenditure. In answering the following questions, assume that fet contains approximately 7700 kcal/fcg (1 kcal is called a dietic calorie in nutrition, or commonly just calorie ). 

Nutritional interventions should contain a balance of protein, energy, vitamins, and minerals. One of the goals is to correct malnutrition without increasing the respiratory quotient (50,51). A severely impaired energy balance in COPD patients during the first days of an acute exacerbation may be associated with a decreased energy and protein intake (52). 

Goris AH, Vermeeren MA, Wouters EF, et aL Energy balance in depleted ambulatory patients with chronic obstmctive pulmonary disease the effect of physical activity and oral nutritional supplementation. Br J Nutr 2003 89 725-729. 

Trevisi E., A. Gubbiotti and G. Bertorri. 2007. Effects of inflammation in peripartum dairy cows on milk yield, energy balance and efficiency. Wageningen Academic Publisher, Wageningen, the Netherlands. EAAP publication n. 124. Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition 395-396. 

The retained energy is very important for nutritional research, emergency recovery situations and efficiency of animal production. So normally the energy balance equation is used to calculate the retained energy from net energy intake, locomotor activity and heat loss. Heat loss however is measured directly or indirectly with calorimetric methods. 

Saltin, B. Costill, D.L. (1988). Fluid and electrolyte balance during prolonged exercise. In Exercise, Nutrition, and Energy Metabolism (Horton, E.S. Teijung, R.L., ed), pp. 150-158, MacMillan. New York. 

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