Numbers, significance

Ascites tumor cells, determination of dry weight of individual, 299, 300 Atomic absorption coefficient, 15 Atomic energy program, use of x-ray absorptiometry in, 96 Atomic number, significance proved by Moseley, 28, 29... 

A lithium ion transference number significantly less than 1 is certainly an undesired property, because the resultant overwhelming anion movement and enrichment near electrode surfaces would cause concentration polarization during battery operation, especially when the local viscosity is high (such as in polymer electrolytes), and extra impedance to the ion transport would occur as a consequence at the interfaces. Fortunately, in liquid electrolytes, this polarization factor is not seriously pronounced. 

Just as in the case of the gas-phase Peclet number, significant discrepancies in the reported literature on the liquid-phase Peclet number exist. Kramers and Alberda2w showed that in a 15-cm-diameter column packed with 10-mm Raschig... 

A way of overcoming this problem, is to use the concept of natural orbitals. The naturd orbitals are those which diagonalize the density matrix, and the eigenvalues are the occupation numbers. Orbitals with occupation numbers significantly different from 0 or 2 (for a closed-shell system) are usually those which are the... 

Consider the effect of the Biot number significant if it changes rjg by more than 1 percent. Can you draw any qualitative conclusions from the behavior observed in parts (a)-(d) ... 

If the characteristic linear dimension of the flow field is small enough, then the measured hydrodynamic data differ from those predicted by the Navier-Stokes equations [79]. With respect to the value in macrocharmels, in microchannels (around 50 microns of section) (i) the friction factor is about 20-30% lower, (ii) the critical Reynolds number below which the flow remains laminar is lower (e.g., the change to turbulent flow occurs at lower linear velocities) and (iii) the Nusselt number, for example, heat transfer characteristics, is quite different [80]. The Nusselt number for the microchannel is lower than the conventional value when the flow rate is small. As the flow rate through the microchannel is increased, the Nusselt number significantly increases and exceeds the value for the fully developed flow in the conventional channel. These effects have been investigated extensively in relation to the development of more efficient cooling devices for electronic applications, but have clear implications also for chemical applications. 

The steady state temperature of the catalyst surface under mass-transport-limited conditions can exceed the adiabatic flame temperature if the rate of mass transport of fuel to the surface is faster than the rate of heat transport from the surfaee. The ratio of mass diffusivity to heat dilTusivity in a gas is known as the Lewis number. Reactor models [9] show that for gases with a Lewis number close to unity, such as carbon monoxide and methane, the catalyst surface temperature jumps to the adiabatic flame temperature of the fuel/air mixture on ignition. However, for gases with a Lewis number significantly larger than unity the rate of mass transport to the surface is much faster than the rate of heat transport from the surface, and so the wall temperature can exceed the adiabatic gas temperature. The extreme case is... 

The trend in the geometrical parameters is reflected in the harmonic frequencies and, in particular, in the stretching of the Cl-Cl bond. In this complex, the intermolecular distance is directly related to the o-n electron donation from chlorine to ethylene, which weakens the Cl-Cl bond. As a consequence an overestimation of this interaction induces a vey low Cl-Cl stretching frequency. This is the case for the conventional DF approaches, which predict harmonic wave numbers significantly lower than the experimental estimate. In contrast, a better agreement is found at the mPWlPW level, whose value is close to the MP2 prediction (467 vs. 506 cm, respectively). 

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