Nucleation product types proposed

Three different types of nucleation products have been proposed formation or sorption of polymers (dimers, trimers, etc.) on the surface (polynuclear surface complexes) a solid solution or coprecipitate that involves co-ions dissolved from the adsorbent and a precipitate formed on the surface composed of ions from the bulk solution, or their hydrolysis products (5,15,33,62,69). The two latter products are examples of surface precipitates. 

Determination of the optimal temperature (or supersaturation) trajectory for a seeded batch crystallizer is a well studied problem. This is a dynamic optimization or optimal control problem. The process performance is determined by the crystal size distribution and product yield at the final time. For uniformity of shape and size in the crystals in a seeded batch crystallization process, it is essential to ensure that the nucleation phenomena occurs to the minimum and mostly the seeded crystals grow to the desired size at a certain rate. If nucleation occurs in the initial phase, then there is a possibility that the nucleated crystal will compete with the seeded ones, thus if the phenomena is of late growth, then nucleation in the earlier phase is preferred. Thus, depending upon the process operation, many types of objective functions have been proposed [4]. 

As has been indicated there is no direct way of obtaining. It has been proposed that in the present case CTuh be obtained from growth rate kinehcs and Coo calculated from Eq. (9.224). It can then be compared with experiment, or the results from rotational isomeric state theory. Conversely, the known Coo can be used to calculate (Tun and the results compared with experiment. Either way further assumptions need to be made to establish the value of (Tun- The problem is that aun has to be separated from either the product of aunGibbs-Thomson equation. This procedure thus involves assumption built upon assumption. It is implicitly assumed that a Gibbs type nucleus is involved and that a c can be identified with aen- With these assumptions one can proceed with the comparison between theory and experiment.(198,235)... 

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