Nucleating protein

A new approach to study root exudation of distinct compounds in soil-grown plants uses inoculation of roots with genetically engineered reporter bacteria, which are able to indicate the presence of particular compounds by indicator reactions, such as production of ice-nucleation proteins. This technique has been employed to detect the release of amino acids from roots of soil-grown A vena harbata (56). 

A technique utilizing genetically modified bacteria to report the presence of particular compounds in soil has also been developed (37). These bacteria respond to the presence of specific compounds in their environment by producing ice-nucleation proteins that enter into cell membranes, enabling cells to be detected by means of a droplet freezing assay. The presence of trytophan in 1-10 i molar concentrations has been detected using reporter bacteria in a study examining loss of amino acids from roots of Avena barbata into soil (38). 

How does the presence of ice-nucleating protein affect the freezing point of water ... 

Form a hypothesis about the effect an ice-nucleating protein will have on the freezing temperature of water. Record your hypothesis on page 98. 

Pour 10 mL of distilled water into the test tube and then use a spatula to add 4 or 5 granules of ice-nucleating protein to the water. 

Jung, H.C., Lebeault, J.M. and Pan, J.G. (1998) Surface display of Zymomonas mobilis levansucrase by using the ice-nucleation protein of Pseudomonas syringae. Nature Biotechnology, 16, 576-580. 

Jung, H.C., Park, J.H., Park, S.H. et al. (1998) Expression of carboxymethylcellulaseonthe surface of Escherichia coli using Pseudomonas syringae ice nucleation protein. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 22, 348-354. 

Shimazu, M., Mulchandani, A. and Chen, W. (2001) Cell surface display of organophosphorus hydrolase using ice nucleation protein. Biotechnology Progress, 17, 76-80. 

Conformations of Five- and Six-Membered Ring Forms 191 Box4-D Antifreeze and Ice-Nucleation Proteins... 

Duman, J.G. (2001). Antifreeze and ice nucleator proteins in terrestrial arthropods. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 63 327-357. 

Filament nucleating protein Arp2/3 complex, formin y-Tubulin complexes... 

Sakata. D.. Taniguchi, H., Yasuda. S.. Adachi-Morishima, A., Hamazaki. Y. Nakayama. R.. Miki, T., Minato. N.. and Narumiya. S. (2007) Impaired T lymphocyte trafficking in mice deficient in an actin-nucleating protein, mDial. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 204, 2031-2038. 

SAMs of alkanethiolates on gold provide excellent model systems for studies on interfacial phenomena (e.g., wetting, adhesion, lubrication, corrosion, nucleation, protein adsorption, cell attachment, and sensing). These subjects have been reviewed previously [125,183-185]. Here we focus on applications that involve using chemical synthesis of functional SAMs after their assembly. 

In cooperation with many kinds of actin-binding proteins, the G-F transformation of actin generates translational movement of a bacterial cell in a host cell, as in Figure 10 [46], Anchoring and nucleation proteins, depolymerizing proteins, and cross-linking proteins work to make possible a fast cycle of actin molecules from one end of F-actin to the other end, that is, tread-milling. This system has been artificially reconstructed in vitro [47]. 

More recendy, OPH was targeted onto the surfiice of an E. coli and Moraxella sp. using an ice-nucleation protein (INP) anchor derived from Pseudomonas syringe (35,36). Ice-nucleation protein (INP), an outer membrane protein from Pseudomonas syringae, is conqiosed of three distinct domains an N-terminal domain (15%) containing three or four potential transmembrane spans, a C-terminal domain (4%), and a central domain conqiosed of repeating... 

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