NUCLEAR YELLOW

Physical Form Yellow to green powder Solubility Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide, water Melting Point 300 °C 

CA Index Name BenzenesuUbnamide, 4-[5-(4-methyl-l-piperazinyl)[2,5 -bi-lf/-benzimidazol]-2 -yl]-, hydrochloride (1 3) 

Merck Index Number Not listed Chemical/Dye Class Benzimidazole Molecular Formula C25H28CI3N7O2S Molecular Weight 596.96 

Absorption (Xmax) 355 nm Emission (Xmax) 495 nm Synthesis Synthetic method  

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Other Names Benzenesulfonamide, 4-[5-(4-methyl-l-piperazinyl) [2,5 -bi- 17f-benzimidazol]-2 -yl]-, trihydrochloride 4-[5-(4-Methyl-l-piperazinyl)[2,5 -bi-l//-benzimidazol] -2 -yl]-benzenesulfonamide Hoechst S769121 Hoechst S769121 trihydrochloride Nuclear yellow... 

Pinna-Senn, E. Lisanti, J. A. Ortiz, M. I. Dalmasso, G. Bella, J. L. Gosalvez, J. Stockert, J. C. Specific heterochromatic banding of metaphase chromosomes using nuclear yellow. Biotech. Histochem. 2000, 75, 132-140. 

Katan, S. Gottschall, J. Neuhuber, W. Simultaneous visualization of horseradish peroxidase and nuclear yellow in tissue sections for neuronal double labeling. Neurosci. Lett. 1982, 28, 121-126. 

Bentivoglio, M. Kuypers, H. G. J. M. Catsman-Berrevoets, C. E. Two new fluorescent Retrograde neuronal labeling by means of bisbenzimide and Nuclear Yellow (Hoechst S 769121). Measures to... 

Pollin, B. Laplante, S. Cesaro, R Nguyen-Legros, J. Simultaneous visualization of Nuclear yellow and iron-dextran complex for demonstration of branched neurons by retrograde axonal transport. J. Neurosci. Methods 1983,8,205-209. 

The metal is very effective as a sound absorber, is used as a radiation shield around X-ray equipment and nuclear reactors, and is used to absorb vibration. White lead, the basic carbonate, sublimed white lead, chrome yellow, and other lead compounds are used extensively in paints, although in recent years the use of lead in paints has been drastically curtailed to eliminate or reduce health hazards. 

The raw material for nuclear reactor fuel, uranium, exits the mining—milling sequence as uranium oxide. Because of its color, it is called yellow cake. The yellow cake is converted to uranium hexafluoride and enriched in 235u... 

The recycle weapons fuel cycle rehes on the reservoir of SWUs and yellow cake equivalents represented by the fissile materials in decommissioned nuclear weapons. This variation impacts the prereactor portion of the fuel cycle. The post-reactor portion can be either classical or throwaway. Because the avadabihty of weapons-grade fissile material for use as an energy source is a relatively recent phenomenon, it has not been fully implemented. As of early 1995 the United States had purchased highly enriched uranium from Russia, and France had initiated a modification and expansion of the breeder program to use plutonium as the primary fuel (3). AH U.S. reactor manufacturers were working on designs to use weapons-grade plutonium as fuel. 

Revised structures have been proposed for these compounds. The brownish-yellow acid obtained with maleic anhydride has been shown by ultraviolet, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance absorption measurements and oxidative degradation to have the tricyclic structure... 

Canada, are examples. These reactors do not use ordinai y water for the moderator. Most nuclear fission reactors use ordinaiy water for a moderator which requires that the fuel he about 3 percent and about 97 percent U. Achieving this enrichment requires that the solid uranium compounds in the yellow cake be converted to gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF,). Following enrichment, gaseous UF is converted to solid uranium oxide (UO,) for fabrication of fuel elements for a nuclear reactor. 

Figure 8.8 Mean concentration profiles of Zn, Cu and Cd in multilayer acrylic paint, consisting of orange deposited on blue, both on yellow. The arrows define the three paint layer limits as they were evaluated through weighing. After Brissaud [299]. Reprinted from Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, B117,1. Brissaud et al., 179-185, Copyright (1996), with permission from Elsevier...

Ehrenberg, A., Eriksson, L.E.G., and Hyde, J.S. 1968. Electron-nuclear double resonance from flavin free radicals in NADPH dehydrogenase ( old yellow enzyme ). Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 167 482-484. 

As most of the nitroxyl spin-labelled synthetic derivatives of conjugated polyenes are light yellow crystals, the bond lengths were determined by X-ray crystallography38. The spectroscopic method used to measure the conformation is electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR). It is beyond the scope of the present review to explain the method38 but the authors of the pertinent paper conclude that ENDOR is an accurate non-crystallographic method to determine polyene structures in solution. 

Yellow perch, Perea flavescens, muscle Italy, 1971, near nuclear power station, whole fish, various species 1.5 FW 16... 

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