Normative Requirements and Recommendations for Intake

and a daily Mg intake of 1200 mg is necessary in some cases of this genetic disorder (Liebscher 2003). 

The normal daily calcium requirement of women and men is 500 and 600 mg, respectively, on the average of a week. Adults require 8 mg Ca kg body weight, and a calcium concentration of 1600 mg kg DM in their diet (Anke et al. 2002a, b). 

The normal phosphorus requirement of animals is only 50% that of the calcium 

The daily normal potassium requirement is not well known, but is met in women and men by daily intakes of 1300 and 1600 mg, respectively (Anke et al. 2003). 

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Normally, the recommended intake of elements is 30 to 100% higher than the normative requirement. In practice, we must distinguish between the (normative) requirement of the elements and the recommendation for the intake of a population. The recommendation is necessarily higher than the normative requirement (Anonymous... 

Factors which are important for the lowering of human health risks due to mineral deficiency and intoxication are the normative requirements of the macro, trace and ultratrace elements, recommendations for their intake, their apparent absorption and excretion rates, their interactions, tolerance limits for chemicals in food and water, and occupational health standards. 

The normative lithium requirement of humans is assessed at < 100 tg per day, as all German test subjects of both genders took in between < 100 and > 3500 tg Li per day without showing deficiency symptoms, even at the lowest intake amounts (Anke etal. 1995, 1997b). However, deficiency symptoms may occur in dialysis patients, in kidney failure and in parenteral nutrition. Based on intake data in different countries, Schrauzer (2002) suggested a provisional recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 1 mg Li per day for a 70-kg adult. Compared with the above intake data, therapeutic effectiveness in the treatment of manic-depressive disorders is achieved at doses of 140 to 280 mg Li per day - about 100 to 300 times higher than RDA (Schou... 

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