Nonuniformities offsets

In AC and DC dielectrophoresis, the dielectrophoretic force acting on the polarized particle causes it to move either up or down the induced electric field gradient, which is created by (a) nonuniform electrode geometry in AC fields or by (b) a nonuniform insulator geometry of obstacles in an otherwise uniform DC field or DC-offset AC field. This spatially nonuniform field or gradient dotted with the polarized particle dipole yields a net dielectric force ... 

Series/Parallel Scan with time delay and integration remains the principal approach to advanced thermal imaging systems. However, for applications where only a small number of resolution elements are needed, two-dimensional staring detector arrays with CCD or CID readout are being considered [8.106]. This does away with the scanner and a focal optics used with conventional systems. However, to compensate for nonuniformities, both dc offset and gain correction must be made on a pixel by pixel basis. Detector responsivity and readout nonlinearities will increase the number of computations needed for sufficient correction and only experience with the stability of different types of arrays will determine how often the correction algorithms must be calibrated [8.107,108]. 

Poly(methyl methacrylate) and poly(vinyl acetate) precipitate from the resin solution as it cures. This mechanism offsets the contraction in volume as the polyester resin cross-links, resulting in a nonshrinking thermoset. Other polymer additives such as poly(butylene adipate) provide similar shrinkage control. The change in volume and compatibility of the polymer produces a whitening of the composite and results in nonuniform coloration in pigmented products. Polystyrene additives used in BMC can be formulated into nonshrinking, pig-mentable compounds suitable for colored electrical products and kitchen utensils. 

Liu et al. [ 1 ] found that the flow uniformity is very sensitive to the variation of the power-law index in a linearly tapered coat-hanger die. If a die was originally designed based on n=0.5 and suddenly n was changed to 0.6, a W-type flow distribution would appear. On the other hand, if n dropped to 0.4, an M-type flow pattern would appear instead. The design equation (17) can be applied to offset the ffow uniformities caused by the variation of w. We fixed =0.5 and made proper selections of ho and h. Then n was varied to n = 0.6 and 0.4. l iy) was computed based on Eq. (17) and then a choker bar with the taper function l y) could be constructed to correct ffow nonuniformities. The effect of n on l y) is displayed in Fig. 7. For the case /I=0.6 >0.5, l y) has to decrease from the die end to the die center to eliminate the ffow nonuniformities if n=0.4 <0.5, then l iy) will increase from the die end to the die center instead. If is longer, the variation of hiy) will be smaller. 

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