Nongenomic pathway

Analogs of vitamin-D(3) selectively activate genomic and nongenomic pathways in osteoblasts, J. Bone Miner. Res. 1993, 8, S220-S220. 

Besides the genomic pathway, the nongenomic pathway of AR also has been reported in oocytes (57), skeletal muscle cells (58), osteoblasts (59,60), and prostate cancer cells (61,62). As compared to the genomic pathway, the nongenomic actions of steroid receptors are characterized by the rapidity of the action, which varies from seconds to an hour or so, and by interaction with plasma membrane-associated signaling pathways (63). Nevertheless, the structural basis for nongenomic action is direct interactions between AR and cytosolic proteins from different signaling pathways, which could be closely... 

Furukawa T, Bai CX, Kaihara A, Ozaki E, Kawano T, Nakaya Y, Awais M, Sato M, Umezawa Y, Kurokawa J (2006) Ginsenoside Re, a main phytosterol of Panax ginseng, activates cardiac potassium channels via a nongenomic pathway of sex hormones. Mol Pharmacol 70 1916-1924... 

Khoury, R.S., Weber, J., and Farach-Carson, M.C. 1995. Vitamin D metabolites modnlate osteoblast activity by Ca+2 influx-independent genomic and Ca+2 influx-dependent nongenomic pathways. J. Nutr. 125(6 Suppl) 1699S-1703S. 

Norman, A.W., Nemere, I., Zhou, L., et al. 1992. l,25(OH)2-vitamin D3, a steroid hormone that produces biologic eifects via both genomic and nongenomic pathways. J. Steroid Biohem. 41(3-8) 231-40. 

On ERa breast cancer cells, the cytostatic behavior is the only one expressed. This mechanism is distinct from the nongenomic pathway observed with high dose of OH-TAM. 

More than one mechanism, a nongenomic signaling pathway involving a membrane-associated receptor, as well as a genomic pathway involving the nuclear VDR, has been proposed for the antiproliferating effect of 1,25-D (H9, H20). However, the involvement of the mebrane-associated receptor was ruled out by the observation that the addition of antisense VDR inhibited the expression of nuclear VDR and reduced or abolished the effects of 1,25-D in prostate cells (H9, Z5). Further evidence of VDR involvement includes the observation that DU-145 and PC-3 cell lines with low amounts of VDR are insensitive to 1,25-D (Z6). 

Schlichter R, Keller AF, De Roo M, Breton LD, Inquimbert P, Poisbeau P (2006) Fast nongenomic effects of steroids on synaptic transmission and role of endogenous neurosteroids in spinal pain pathways. J Mol Neurosci 28 33-51... 

Thomas, P., Khan, LA. (2005). Disruption of nongenomic steroid actions on gametes and serotonergic pathways controlling reproductive neuroendocrine function by environmental chemicals. In Endocrine Disruptors Effects on Male and Female Reproductive Systems, 2nd edition (R.K. Naz, ed.), pp. 3-45. CRC Press/Taylor Francis Group, LLC, Boca Raton. 

In addition to PR-mediated transcriptional activities, progesterone also triggers intracellular phosphorylation cascades of the Src/Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway via PR [10, 11]. Also independent of the transcriptional activities of the receptor are rapid nongenomic effects of progesterone like modulation of sperm acrosome reaction [12], prevention of preterm labor [13] and Xenopus oocyte maturation [14]. 

---