Antiproliferation effect

More than one mechanism, a nongenomic signaling pathway involving a membrane-associated receptor, as well as a genomic pathway involving the nuclear VDR, has been proposed for the antiproliferating effect of 1,25-D (H9, H20). However, the involvement of the mebrane-associated receptor was ruled out by the observation that the addition of antisense VDR inhibited the expression of nuclear VDR and reduced or abolished the effects of 1,25-D in prostate cells (H9, Z5). Further evidence of VDR involvement includes the observation that DU-145 and PC-3 cell lines with low amounts of VDR are insensitive to 1,25-D (Z6). 

Six main common chemopreventive effects that phenolic compounds can exert on cancer cells are (1) antioxidant effect, (2) antiproliferation effect, (3) induction of cell-cycle arrest, (4) induction of apoptosis, (5) antiinflammatory effect, and (6) inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis (Table 2). 

Antiproliferation activity shown by the inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation into DNA in the proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells. The effect was expressed as % of control 45 0-7.8,46 0-0.4. kActivity found as a constituent of a plant other than a Broussonetia species. 

Curcumin has also been found to interrupt the cell cycle, to have cytotoxic effects, and to have a role in antiproliferation and the induction of apoptosis in a hepatocarcinoma cell line. Curcumin is a potent inhibitor of phenol sulfotransferase (SULT1A1) in human liver and extrahepatic tissues [Vietri et al., 2003]. Curcumin inhibited the interleukin-6 (IL-6) production, histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, and API activation [Chen et al., 2003a] and prevented cell death and apoptotic biochemical changes, such as the... 

Schmidt, B.M. et al.. Effective separation of potent antiproliferation and antiadhesion components from wild blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) fruits, J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 6433, 2004. 

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