Noncholinergic agent

Rupniak NM, Samson NA, Steventon MJ, Iversen SD. (1991). Induction of cognitive impairment by scopolamine and noncholinergic agents in rhesus monkeys. Life Sci. 48(9) 893-99. 

KW-7158 is a noncholinergic agent that acts on sensory nerves in the bladder. Phase II trials are under way for incontinence associated with bladder hyperactivity (Figure 8.81). 

These include the effects of nerve agents on y-amino-butyric acid neurons and cyclic nucleotides. In addition, changes in brain neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline, as well as acetylcholine, following inhibition of brain cholinesterase activity, have been reported. These changes may be due in part to a compensatory mechanism in response to overstimulation of the cholinergic system or could result from direct action of nerve agent on the enzymes responsible for noncholinergic neurotransmission. 

Somani and Husain described the low-dose toxicity of tabun, sarin, soman, and VX under normal as well as stressful conditions. These authors explained the interaction of enviromnental and physical stress on cholinergic as well as noncholinergic effects induced by low-dose exposure to nerve agents and their potential for additive or synergistic neuropathologic sequelae. Under certain conditions, nerve agents may... 

It should be further noted that the effects of nerve agents on G AB Aergic transmission in the CNS may have implications for behavioral effects in laboratory animals and humans, and may also contribute to the induction of convulsions at higher doses (Bakshi et al., 2000). Nevertheless, given the present undefined application of noncholinergic data to whole-body estimations, reliance on the primary assmnption of AQiE action is consistent with recognized opinion (Bakshi et al., 2000). 

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