Nitrogen, balance excretion

Nitrogen balance is the (normal) condition in which the amount of nitrogen incorporated into the body each day exactly equals the amount excreted. 

Positive nitrogen balance occurs when the amount of nitrogen incorporated exceeds the amount excreted and is associated with ... 

The accepted amount of protein required to maintain nitrogen balance is 28 g per day for a 70-kg person, i.e, about 3,8 g of nitrogen. This is estimated by measuring the N excretion over 6 to 7 days on a protein-free diet. If the protein source is from cereal, then the daily intake would have to be increased to about 40 g per day for a 70-kg person. The difference is due to the variable amounts of essential amino acids found in proteins. The amount required by growing children is larger the accepted figure is about 0.6 g per kilogram per day. 

Nitrogen balance is tbe difference between the amount of nitrogen consumed per day and the amount of nitrogen excreted per day. This definition can be expressed by the formula... 

Nitrogen balance (the normal state in the adult) occurs when synthesis of body protein equals degradation. The amount of nitrogen excreted in the urine each day equals the amount of nitrogen ingested each day. 

Negative nitrogen balance occurs when degradation of body protein exceeds synthesis. More nitrogen is excreted than ingested. It results from an inadequate amount of protein in the diet or the absence of one or more essential amino acids. 

Several other long-term effects of acarbose were explored in healthy men by Couet et al. (1988). There was an increase in faecal nitrogen excretion, while nitrogen balance decreased. Acarbose also increased the faecal excretion of starch, fat, iron and chromium. Plasma vitamin A decreased following acarbose treatment, while vitamin B6 increased. 

When an individual becomes active after a period of bed rest, more than 3 weeks are required before calcium excretion reverts to normal, and another 3 weeks before positive calcium balance is achieved. Several weeks are required before positive nitrogen balance is restored. 

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