Nitrilases indole-3-acetic acid

Nitrilase was initially discovered in plants as an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) [74,75], Recently, four genes of nitrilases (belonging to arylacetonitrilase) involved in the IAA biosynthesis have been cloned and characterized from Arabidopsis thaliana [76-78], After the discovery of the plant nitrilase in 1964, various nitrilases were purified and characterized [41], Nitrilases are roughly classified into three major categories according to substrate specificity (i) aromatic nitrilase, which acts on aromatic or heterocyclic nitriles (ii) aliphatic nitrilase, which acts on aliphatic nitriles (iii) arylacetonitrilase, which acts on arylacetonitriles. These three types... 

Nitrilases in plants are comprised of two subtypes with different biological functions. The first subtype involves nitrilases exhibiting mostly over 70% identity levels to the biochemically characterized nitrilases 1-3 from A. thaliana, which act on substrates such as 3-phenylpropionitrile, allylcyanide, or indole-3-acetonitrile. They seem to be specific for Brassicaceae, which is in accordance with their preference for the nitriles endogeneous in this family or structurally similar to them [22]. They are able to produce plant auxins such as indole-3-acetic acid but the role of this pathway in vivo is not fully understood [21]. 

Park, W.J., Kriechbaumer, V., Muller, A., Piotrowski, M., Meeley, R.B., Gierl, A., and Glawischnig, E. (2003). The nitrilase ZmNIT2 converts indole-3-acetonitrile to indole-3-acetic acid. Plant Physiology, 133, 794-802. 

Agarwal A, Nigam VK. Nitrilase mediated conversion of indole-3-acetonitrile to indole-3-acetic acid [J]. Biocatal Agric Biotechnol 2014,3 (4) 351-357. 

Kobayashi M, Izui H, Nagasawa T, Yamada H. Nitrilase in biosynthesis of the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid from indole-3-acetonitrile cloning of the Alcaligenes gene and site-directed mutagenesis of cysteine residues [J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993,90 (1) 247-251. 

Bartling D, Seedorf M, Mithofer A, Weiler EW. Cloning and expression of an Arabidopsis nitrilase which can convert indole-3-acetonitrile to the plant hormone, indole-3-acetic acid [J], Eur Biochem 1992, 205 (1) 417-424. 

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