Nicotiana spp

Pyridine Group. Piperine, Piperovatine, Leucenol, Mimosine, Alkaloids of Ricinus communis, Foenugrec, vy eca Nut, Hemlock, Lobelia, Tobacco (Nicotiana spp.). Anabasis aphylla, Pomegranate Root Bark. ... 

In addition to lupines, poison-hemlock and Nicotiana spp., other plant species of the genera Genista, Prosopis, Lobelia, Cytisus, Sophora, Pinus, Punica, Duboisia, Sedum, Withania, Carica, Hydrangea, Dichroa, Cassia, Ammondendron, Liparia, and Colidium contain potentially toxic and teratogenic piperidine alkaloids. Many plant species or varieties from these genera may be included in animal and human diets (Keeler and Crowe, 1984). 

The establishment of appropriate animal models for biomedical application is essential if new techniques and procedures are to be applied to human conditions. Briefly, the syndrome of plant-induced cleft palate and contracture skeletal malformations in livestock ( crooked calf syndrome ), as described above, is the same whether it is induced by Lupinus, Conium or Nicotiana spp. Likewise, the malformations are described as the same in cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. While the development of a small ruminant model (goat) was primarily to study the mechanism of action of crooked calf syndrome in cattle, interest in the induced congenital cleft palate and the goat model led to biomedical applications (Panter et al., 2000a). 

Glucosyl(l — 2)galactoside-7-glucoside Nicotiana spp. flowers Solanaceae 206... 

The family Solanaceae is one of the important and interesting plant families. It may be classified into four groups based on their usefulness and chemical composition of alkaloids contained (1) Nicotiana spp. such as N. tabacum and N. rustica, which provide tobacco and contain nicotiana alkaloids such as nicotine and nomicotine (2) Hyoscyamus, Scopolia, Atropa, and Datura species, which are pharmacologically important and contain tropane alkaloids such as hyocyamine, scopolamine, and tropine (3) Solanum spp., which are sometimes the starting material for production of synthetic steroids for medical uses and which contain solanum alkaloids and (4) Capsicum, Solanum, and Lycoper-sicum species, which serve as foods and are alkaloid-free. 

Claviceps purpurea, Chondrodendron tomento-sum, Colchicum autumnale, Conium maculatum, Croton tiglium, Datura spp., Gelsemium sempervi-rens, Hyoscyamus niger, Nicotiana spp., Rauwolfia spp., Stramonium spp., Strophanthus kombe, and Strychnos nux-vomica. 

All other species which did not produce observable trichome exudates Nicotiana spp. Nos. 19,23,25,27,31,44,47,52,53,63,64, and 71) were not attractive to budworm oviposition. Excluding tabacum types, only N sylvestris produced significant levels of a- and jff-DVT-diols. 

Percentages of Nicotiana spp. Plants Infested with Tobacco Budworm or Hornworm Larvae in Field Plots at Oxford, NC and Tifton, Ga., 1985-86. 

TABLE V. Ovipositional Response of Tobacco Budworm Moths to Cuticular Components from Nicotiana spp. Applied to Nonpreferred TI 1112 (Entry A) in Paired Choice Tests with TI 1112 Sprayed with Solvent Blank (Entry B). 

In contrast to the duvanes, a similar dose response ovipositional activity relationship was not observed for sucrose ester isolates from TI 165. As shown in Table V, a four-fold increase in application rate of 6-0-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-0-acyl-sucrose did not significantly affect ovipositional activity. Also, the type of sucrose ester and/or the composition of its 2,3,4-tri-O-acyl moieties appears to affect tobacco budworm ovipositional activity. These factors are possible explanations for the large variations in ovipositional frequency observed with the Nicotiana spp. (Table II). 

However, other differences in physical characteristics among the Nicotiana spp., such as leaf size, hairiness and plant growth characteristics, could further complicate the correlation of surface chemistries with ovipositional frequency. The activities of different types of compounds can only be determined when the compounds are evaluated in the same matrix. 

Panter KE, James LF, Gardner DR (1999) Lupines, poison hemlock and Nicotiana spp. toxicity and teratogtmicity in livestock. J Nat Toxins 8 117-134... 

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