Nickel Group Metals

Perchlorate Frequencies of Nickel Group Metal Complexes 

Perchlorate Frequencies of Copper Group Metal Complexes 

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Perchlorate ion complexes, 28 255-299 with cobalt group metals, 28 265-268 coordination types, 28 256-260 with copper group metals, 28 273-283 with early transition metals, 28 260-263 electronic spectra. 28 258-259 ESR spectra, 28 260 infrared and Raman spectra, 28 257-258 with iron group metals, 28 263-265 with lanthanides, 28 260-265, 287-288 magnetic susceptibility, 28 260 molar conductivities, 28 260 with nickel group metals. 28 268-273 X-ray crystal structure analysis, 28 256-257... 

Table 4.19. a-Carbyl Complexes of Nickel Group Metals... 

Another synthesis of pyrogaHol is hydrolysis of cyclohexane-l,2,3-trione-l,3-dioxime derived from cyclohexanone and sodium nitrite (16). The dehydrogenation of cyclohexane-1,2,3-triol over platinum-group metal catalysts has been reported (17) (see Platinum-GROUP metals). Other catalysts, such as nickel, rhenium, and silver, have also been claimed for this reaction (18). 

Carbides of the Iron Group Metals. The carbides of iron, nickel, cobalt, and manganese have lower melting points, lower hardness, and different stmctures than the hard metallic materials. Nonetheless, these carbides, particularly iron carbide and the double carbides with other transition metals, are of great technical importance as hardening components of alloy steels and cast iron. 

Electroplated Metals and Alloys. The metals electroplated on a commercial scale from specially formulated aqueous solutions iaclude cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, iadium, iron, lead, nickel, platinum-group metals, silver, tin, and ziac. Although it is possible to electroplate some metals, such as aluminum, from nonaqueous solutions as well as some from molten salt baths, these processes appear to have achieved Httie commercial significance. 

Unlike the cathodic reaction, anodic oxidation (ionization) of molecular hydrogen can be studied for only a few electrode materials, which include the platinum group metals, tungsten carbide, and in alkaline solutions nickel. Other metals either are not sufficiently stable in the appropriate range of potentials or prove to be inactive toward this reaction. For the materials mentioned, it can be realized only over a relatively narrow range of potentials. Adsorbed or phase oxide layers interfering with the reaction form on the surface at positive potentials. Hence, as the polarization is raised, the anodic current will first increase, then decrease (i.e., the electrode becomes passive see Fig. 16.3 in Chapter 16). In the case of nickel and tungsten... 

A) Ziegler method Catalyst systems can be prepared by reacting a nickel(II) salt with an organometallic compound of the main group metals but aluminum is preferred. 

Gold occurs as an alloy with copper, nickel and platinum group metals. Typically contains low amount of gold... 

Carbonylation of Methyl Acetate on Ni/A.C. Catalysts. Table II shows the catalytic activities of nickel and platinum group metals supported on activated carbon for the carbonylation of methyl acetate. Ruthenium, palladium, or iridium catalysts showed much lower activity for the synthesis of acetic anhydride than the nickel catalyst. In contrast, the rhodium catalyst, which has been known to exhibit an excellent carbonylation activity in the homogeneous system (1-13), showed nearly the same activity as the nickel catalyst but gave a large amount of acetic acid. 

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