Neutrophils arachidonic acid metabolism pathway

Figure 4.1 Proposed pathways for arachidonic acid metabolism and PAF production by the human neutrophil (with permission of ]. Biol. Chem., ref. 2)...

There is some evidence that in cells with low anandamide amidase activity, such as platelets and neutrophils, anandamide is inactivated by an oxidative pathway involving 12(5)-lipoxygenase (Edgemond, 1998). Metabolism of anandamide by enzymes of the arachidonic acid cascade... 

The cell damage associated with inflammation acts on cell membranes to cause leukocytes to release lysosomal enzymes arachidonic acid is then liberated from precursor compounds, and various eicosanoids are synthesized. As discussed in Chapter 18, the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway of arachidonate metabolism produces prostaglandins, which have a variety of effects on blood vessels, on nerve endings, and on cells involved in inflammation. The lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism yields leukotrienes, which have a powerful chemotactic effect on eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages and promote bronchoconstriction and alterations in vascular permeability. 

Intracellularly, S100A8/S100A9 complexes play an important role in myeloid maturation, cell trafficking and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. S100A8 and S100A9, present in high concentrations in the cytoplasm of neutrophils and monocytes, are able to translocate and are secreted after activation of a novel pathway requiring an intact microtubule network (Rammes et al., 1997). 

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