Neurotransmitters in brain

GABA AND GLYCINE ARE THE MAJOR RAPIDLY ACTING INHIBITORY NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN BRAIN 300... 

The excitatory neurotransmitter in brain, glutamate, is synthesised from glutamine in a reaction catalysed by the enzyme glntaminase. This enzyme is inhibited by a high concentration of ammonia, which could lead to a chronic depletion of this excitatory neurotransmitter. 

Benturquia et al. [51] described simultaneous determination of vigabatrin and amino acid neurotransmitters in brain microdialysates by capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence after precolumn derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicaroxaldehyde (NDA). Optimal separation and detection were obtained with a sodium borate buffer (pH 9.2) containing 60 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate and 5 mM hydroxy-propyl-/ -cyclodextrin with fluorescence detection at 589 nm and excitation at 543 nm. The assay was rectilinear over the concentration range of 1.5-200 /(M and the lower limit of detection was 0.13 yM. Both the within-day and day-to-day reproducibilities and accuracies were less than 14.3% and 4.9%, respectively. 

StemauL. L., Globus M. Y., Dietrich W. D., Martinez E., Busto R., and Ginsberg M. D. (1992) Ischemia-induced neurotransmitter release effects of mild intraischemic hyperthermia. In The Role of Neurotransmitters in Brain Injury (Globus M. Y. and Dietrich W. D., eds.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 33-38. 

Reis DJ, Regunathan S (2000) Is agmadne a novel neurotransmitter in brain Trends Pharmacol... 

Neurotransmitter in brain hormone released during stress... 

Zhang MY, Hughes ZA, Kerns EH, Lin Q, Beyer CE. Development of a liquid chromatography/ tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitation of acetylcholine and related neurotransmitters in brain microdialysis samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007 44 586-93. 

The rates of synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, acetylcholine, and probably also norepinephrine depend physiologically on the availability to the brain of their precursor molecules, the nutrients tryptophan, choline, and tyrosine, respectively. The brain concentration of each precursor can rapidly be influenced by the diet food ingestion thus readily modifies the synthesis of each of these neurotransmitters in brain. Brain neurons that utilise serotonin, acetylcholine, or norepinephrine are involved in neuronal networks that control a number of body functions and behaviours for example, appetite, food choice, sleep, memory, and mood). Thus dietary constituents are able normally to affect these functions and, when given as large doses of pure nutrients, to serve as treatments for brain diseases involving monoaminergic or cholinergic neurons. 

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