Neurohypophysis hormones

Saridaki E, Carter DA, lightman SL g-Aminobutyric acid regulation of neurohypophysial hormone secretion in male and female rats. J Endocrinol 121 343-349, 1989... 

Bridges TE, Hillhouse EW, Jones MT (1976) The effect of dopamine on neurohypophysial hormone release in vivo and from the rat neural lobe and hypothalamus in vitro. J Physiol 260 647-666. 

Shaw FD, Dyball REJ, Nordmann JJ (1983) Mechanisms of inactivation of neurohypophysial hormone release, In Cross BA, Leng G (Eds), The Neurohypophysis Structure, Function and Control, Progress in Brain Reseach, Vol. 60, pp. 305-317. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 

Its use with bradykinin and desmopressin (Zubarev et al., 1994), illustrated as a case study below, shows the benefits of MS sequence analysis. The latter peptide, desmopressin ( Minirin , a neurohypophysial hormone analogue), involves a disulphide link and a C-terminal amide, as well as a non-coded amino-acid residue (Mpa = mercaptopropionic acid) and these features can be identified by chemical sequencing methods (Chapter 5) only with considerable effort. 

Heller, H., 1972, The effect of neurohypophysial hormones on the reproductive tract of lower vertebrates, Gen. Comp. Endocrinol., Suppl., 3 703. 

Neurohypophysial hormones a group of hormones produced in the hypothalamus (not, as the name suggests, in the neurohypophysis see Hypophysis). The action spectrum of these phylogenetically ancient hormones, Oxytocin (see) and Vasopressin (see), extends from an effect on the smooth muscle of the uterus, mammary gland and blood vessels, to an alteration of the permeability of the skin, urinary bladder and kidney tubules. The carrier protein of N.h. is Neurophysin (see). N.h. are small molecules (nonapeptides) and they represent an ideal model for the study of the mechanism of hormone action at a molecular biological level. 

Oxytocin a neurohypophysial, peptide hormone, M, 1,007. O. causes contraction of the smooth muscle of the uterus and of the mammary gland (milk ejection). It is structurally related to the other neurohypophysial hormone. Vasopressin (see) these two hormones have a common ancestry and there is an overlap in their physiological activities. In lower vertebrates, four other neurohypophysial hormones have... 

BERDE B., BOISSONNAS R.A. Basic pharmacological properties of synthetic analogues and homologues of the neurohypophysial hormones. In Netirohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides (B.BERDE, ed.),... 

Metabolic activation may be a feature in the biosynthesis of the neurohypophysial hormones (15) but there is no evidence for... 

The neurohypophysial hormones act upon smooth muscles and upon epithelial structures responsible for fluid conservation. They influence the adenohypophysial functions and have some metaboUc effects of their own. 

Stimulation and inhibition of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) release by neurohypophysial hormones have been reported. Stimulation of growth hormone release by Lys -vasopressin has been demonstrated in the primates but not in other species. There is indirect evidence for the functional role of the neurohypophysial hormones in gonadotrophine secretion. The role of oxytocin in prolactin secretion is not clear. 

Berde, B. (Ed.), Neurohypophysial Hormones and Similar Polypeptides. Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, 1968. 

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