Neurohypophyseal system

The posterior pituitaiy (ncurnhypophysis) is the source of vasoprc.ssin. oxytocin, a- and /8-MSH. and coherin. The synthesis, transport, and release of these hormones have been reviewed by Brownstein.- - Va.sopressin and oxytocin ore synthesized and relea.sed by neurons of the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system. Thc.se peptide hormones, and their respective neurophysin carrier proteins, are synthesized as structural components of separate precursor proteins, and these proteins appear to be partially degraded into... 

The effects of both oxytocin and vasopressin are particularly responsive to reproductive steroids (Tables 7 and 8). Oxytocin and vasopressin are best known as neurohypophyseal peptides, released by the posterior pituitary. However, both peptides also are released within the nervous system. Receptors for oxytocin and vasopressin are distributed in areas of the CNS that have been implicated in reproduction, emotion and autonomic functions. 

The endocrine system is controlled by the brain. Nerve cells of the hypothalamus synthesize and release messenger substances that regulate adenohy-pophyseal (AH) hormone release or are themselves secreted into the body as hormones. The latter comprise the so-called neurohypophyseal (NH) hormones. 

Bergman RN, Hechter O. Neurohypophyseal hormone-responsive renal adenylate cyclase. IV. A random-hit matrix model for coupline in a hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclase system. J Biol Chem 1978 253 3238-3250. 

Neurohormones a group of hormones which, in conjunction with the nervous system and endocrine systems, play an important part in the regulation of somatic Action, and in the adjustment of the individual organism to its environment. Examples are Releasing hormones (see), Neurohypophyseal hormones (see) and Neurotransmitters (see). 

Protein Hormone Binding Sites - Bromoacetyloxytocin (BrOXY) has been used to study the neurohypophyseal hormone receptor associatedgWith the adenyl cyclase system of toad bladder and rabbit kidney medulla. BrOXY itself does not stimulate cyclase activity, but it irreversibly blocks the... 

The study of exchange in peptide systems is exemplified by the neurohypophyseal hormone neurophysin. The main qualitative features of hor-mone-neurophysin II interaction are reproduced in the binding of tripeptides containing the three N-terminal residues of the hormones. Studies of tripeptide binding to neurophysin were carried out using NMR (Balaram et al, 1972, 1973). 

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