Nephrotoxicity methicillin

When 1500 mg/kg ampicillin was administered to female rabbits as a single dose, there was no evidence of nephrotoxicity judged by the absence of tubular necrosis 48 hours after administration [17]. In the other hand, carbenicillin, methicillin and ampicillin have been associated with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) [18-20]. 

The combination of cephalothin wifh an aminoglycoside was more nephrotoxic than methicillin plus aminoglycoside [143]. There is good evidence that concurrent administration of cephalothin and gentamicin are additive nephrotoxins in humans, especially in patients over 60 years of age as wells as in rabbits [144], and renal injuries are intensified in the presence of mild renal ischemia or endotoxemia [108]. The results of prospective randomized comparative studies of the combination mezlocillin/cefotaxime versus gentamicin/cefoxitin showed that the concurrent administration of mezlocillin/cefotaxime has low renal toxicity and can be recommended for the rational and empirical treatment of serious systemic infections [145]. 

Wade JC, Smith CR, Petty BG, Lipsky JJ, Conrad G, Ellner J, Lietman PS. Cephalothin plus an aminoglycoside is more nephrotoxic than methicillin plus and aminoglycoside. Lancet 1978 3 604-606. 

The combination of cephalothin with an aminoglycoside was more nephrotoxic than methicillin plus... 

Drugs with nephrotoxic potential include ACE inhibitors, acetazolamide. aminoglycosides, aspirin, amphotericin B, cyclosporine, furosemide, gold salts, lithium, methicillin, methoxyflurane, NSAIDs, pentamidine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines (degraded), thiazides, and triamterene. 

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