Navigation aids Buoys

The marine environment is highly aggressive. Materials in marine service are constantly exposed to water, corrosive salts, strong sunlight, extremes in temperature, mechanical abuse, and chemical pollution in ports. This climate is very severe on ships, buoys, and navigational aids, offshore stmctures such as drilling platforms, and faciUties near the shore such as piers, locks, and bridges. 

Zinc is commonly used as an anode in metal-air batteries. Zinc-air batteries are commercially available and used as power supply for navigation buoys, communication systems, hearing aids, and etc. [2], Mechanically rechargeable Zn-air batteries are developed recently for traction [3],... 

The U.S. Aids to Navigations System is intended for use with nautical charts, one of the most important tools used by vessel operators for planning trips and safely navigating waterways. Such charts show the nature and shape of the coast, buoys and beacons, depths of water, land features, directional information, marine hazards, and other pertinent information. 

Type BY-301 This 3000 A h, 1.25 V cell in a hard rab-ber case is designed for the operation of navigational signal aids, both visible and audible. The size and shape of the battery will permit it to replace lead storage cells now widely used in this application. Special disposable battery racks are currently available for buoys with 559 or 610 nun battery pockets. These racks are furnished completed with the proper number of BY Carbonaires and the entire unit is prewired at the factory. 

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