Nanostructured diamond-like carbon

Particulate nanodiamond, nanocrystalline diamond and nanostructured diamond-like carbon for orthopedic medical applications... 

Narayan RJ (2005) Nanostructured Diamond-Like Carbon Thin Films for Medical Applications. Mater, sci. eng. 25 405-416. 

Nanoporous carbon materials, including black carbons, functionalized carbon, nanostructured carbon, nanostructured diamond like carbon, graphene, N-doped graphene, hierarchical porous carbonaceous foams... 

Robertson J. Mechanisms of electron field emission from diamond, diamond-like carbon, and nanostructured carbon. J Vac Sci Technol B 1999 17 659-65. 

Kuznetsov V.I. and Butenko Yu.V. (2003) Synthesis and properties of nanostructured carbon materials nano-diamond, onion-like carbon and carbon nanotubes. In Proceedings of NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nanostructured Materials and Coatings for Biomedical and Sensor Applications , 4-8 August 2002. Eds. Gogotsi Y.G. and Uvarova I.V. V. 102, IOS Press, p. 187-202. 

Figure 12. Population density (A) and adhesion area (B) of osteoblast-like MG 63 cells on day 2 after seeding on tissue culture polystyrene dish (TCPS). carbon fibrereinforced carbon composites (CFRC) and CFRC coated with a fullerene layer (CFRC+full). C Growth curves of MG 63 cells on a terpolymer of polytetrafluoroethylene. poljcvinyldifluoride and polypropylene (Ter), terpolymer mixed with 4 wt. % of single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNH) or 4 wt.% of high crystalline electric arc multi-wall nanotubes (MWNT-A). D Growth curves of MG 63 cells on TCPS. a nanostructured diamond layer (Nano) and a layer with hierarchically organized micro-and nanostructure (Micro-Nano). Mean S.E.M. from 4-12 measurements. ANOVA. Student-Newman-Keuls method. Statistical significance TCPS. CFRC. Ter p<0.05 compared to the values on tissue culture polystyrene, pure CFRC and pure terpolymer [23].

The coimection between carbon nanotubes and other fullerenes has been defined by the observation that the nanotubes were closed by fullerene-like caps or hemispheres. It is interesting to observe that the smallest reported carbon nanotube diameter is the same as the diameter of C60. This is important in evaluating the minimum dimension of carbon nanostructures. It is necessary to identify all types of nanoparticles and nanostructures of the fullerene family (multiwall and/or single-wall nanotubes, carbon-encapsulated metal nanoparticles, fullerene black and soot, carbon onion, nanowhiskers, etc.). For each nanostructure it is possible to define a set of physical and chemical properties and subsequent applications. It is also interesting to explore the interrelationships between the various nanostructured carbon forms, as well as their relation to the traditional forms of ordered carbon atoms such as diamond and graphite. Carbon is a unique material and can be a good metallic... 

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