Nanoparticles heterogeneous catalysis

The coordination of ligands at the surface of metal nanoparticles has to influence the reactivity of these particles. However, only a few examples of asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis have been reported, the most popular ones using a platinum cinchonidine system [65,66]. In order to demonstrate the directing effect of asymmetric ligands, we have studied their coordination on ruthenium, palladium, and platinum nanoparticles and the influence of their presence on selected catalytic transformations. 

In summary, we have described our approach towards the synthesis of novel nano-objects consisting of a metal core and a surface that may be functionalized by addition of organic ligands. TEM pictures of the metal core of these nanoparticles appear similar to those of particles commonly used in heterogeneous catalysis or to colloids prepared by well-known reduction methods. However, the organometallic approach displays several specificities which can be summarized as follows ... 

An important class of industrial catalysts consists of an active component dispersed in the form of very small particles over high surface area solids. As the field of industrial heterogeneous catalysis has developed, catalyst formulations have evolved such that state-of-the-art catalysts often contain two or more metals and/or main group elements. The additives may promote a desired reaction, prevent undesirable side reactions, or enhance catalyst longevity.Bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts in particular are widely... 

Nanoparticles, which often show enhanced catalytic abilities [32, 33] unusual optical properties [34], and novel quantum size effects [35], have been widely used in fields such as catalysis [36, 37], sensing [38], optoelectronics [39], and microelectronics [40]. Nanoparticle catalysis is industrially and experimentally important because a large variety of C-C coupling [41] and alcohol oxidation [32] can be effectively catalyzed by nanoparticles. In this part, we will present a brief review on recent advances in supported nanoparticle heterogeneous catalysts on various mesoporous materials. Heterogeneous nanoparticle catalysts have several... 

Chandler BD, Gilbertson JD (2006) Dendrimer-Encapsulated Bimetallic Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications to Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. 20 97-120... 

Keywords Heterogeneous catalysis Homogeneous catalysis Nanoparticle synthesis PAMAM dendrimers Transmission electron microscopy UV-visible spectroscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy... 

In heterogeneous catalysis, transition metal nanoparticles are supported on different substrates and are utilized as catalysts for different reactions [57], such as hydrogenations and enantioselective synthesis of organic compounds [58], oxidations and epoxidations [59], and reduction and decomposition [57],... 

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