Nanofibrous membrane coating material

To focus on the topic, in the next sections, the general term nanoelectrochemistry will be whittled down to the study of conductive surfaces coated with material having one or more external dimensions in the nanoscale and the apphcations will be limited to electrochemical sensors and biosensors modified with nonwoven nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning. 

Applications of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Electrospinning 13.4.1 Nanofibrous Membranes as Coating Material... 

Nanofibrous membranes have been primarily used as coating material to develop electrochemical sensors. In general, a piece of membrane (10-100 pm) can be simply placed over the electrode surface and kept tight thanks to an o-ring. Eventually, a drop of the solvent can be added to wet the membrane and improve its adhesion to the electrode surface. Figures 13.3 and 13.4 show a glassy carbon electrode coated with nanofibrous membranes. 

Electrospun nanohbrous structure possess several attractive features, such as high porosity and interconnected open pore structure, submicron pore sizes, and a large surface area-to-volume ratio. These characteristics make them an ideal material candidate for removing sohd substances from air or hquid [6]. To demonstrate the filtration performance of electrospun nanohbre membrane, a thin coat of electrospun PAN nanohbres over a metal mesh has been shown to collect more than 95 % of PM2.5 (i.e. particulate matter in size of 2.5 pm) in a polluted city environment with 90 % transparency [323]. Filtration efficiency, which is closely associated with fibre fineness, is one of the most important concerns for the filter performance [6]. Molaeipour et al. [324] used ultrafine cellulose acetate nanofibres with different diameters to evaluate their filtration efficiencies for tar removal. It was found that... 

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