Nano-medicine

Valentin , E, Barbone, M., and Palleshi, G. (2013) Carbon nanostructured materials for applications in nano-medicine, cultural heritage, and electrochemical biosensors. Anal. Bioanal Chem., 305, 451-465. 

Nano-polymers are attractive materials for both biomedical engineering and medical applications. Rational design of nano-polymer carrier geometry will help optimize customized tissue and cell targeted therapeutics. Further imderstanding of how nano-polymers interact both in vivo and in vitro with different cells will open new horizons in nano-medicine. It is easily foreseeable that designer nano-polymers can be tailored to induce favorable cell response, in order to precisely intervene in disease mechanism. 

Barrere, F., van Blitterswijk, G. A., and de Groot, K. 2006. Bone regeneration Molecular and cellular interactions with calcium phosphate ceramics. International Journal of Nano medicine 1 317-32. Bernard, L., Freche, M., Lacout, J. F., and Biscans, B. 1999. Preparation of hydroxyapatite by neutralization at low temperature-influence of purity of raw material. Powder Technology 103 19-25. 

When nano LC is combined with mass spectrometer detection, attamole detection can be achieved for low abundance components in biological fluids, drug metabolites, and natural products such as Chinese herb medicines. Nano LC-MS-MS has become an essential tool for complex biological and drug metabolite studies. Nano LC-MS presents two significant differences from conventional analytical HPLC (1) large enhancement factor for sample detection and (2) direct interface to MS without flow splitting. The enhancement in MS ion counts relative to a conventional 4.6 mm ID column is proportional to the ratio of the square of the column diameter ... 

Z. Liu, S. Tabakman, K. Welsher, H. Dai, Carbon nanotubes in biology and medicine In vitro and in vivo detection, imaging and drug delivery, Nano Research, vol. 2, pp. 85-120, 2009. 

Water-insoluble solids are potentized initially by trituration. This process breaks down drugs into nano particles which assume special importance because of their biological activity. Nano particles naturally occur in diseased tissues from which nosodes are prepared. The basis of liberation of dormant medicinal properties of drugs by trituration is the production of nano particles. Ethanol having a large non-polar part usually stabilizes specific water structures obtained during potentization of a drug. 

The third International Dendrimer Symposium took place at Berlin Technical University in 2003. Interdisciplinary lectures demonstrated the extent to which dendritic molecules branch ouf into other areas of science, such as physics, biology, medicine, and engineering. The possibilities of functionalisation and resulting applications in industry were at the focus of this symposium. For example, nano-dimensioned dendrimer-based contrast agents were presented as multilabels for visualisation of blood vessels (see Chapter 8). Potential applications of dendritic materials as luminescence markers in diagnostics attracted lively interest (see Chapter 8). Consideration of the differences between dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers from the viewpoint of their cost-favourable application was also a topic of discussion [18]. 

Microemulsion is used as a special microreactor to limit the nano-sized particles growth. The shape of the microreactor depends on reaction conditions [9]. This method increases the homogeneity of the chemical composition at nano-level and facilitates the preparation of nano-particles with comparatively equal sizes [11]. The specific properties of the nano-particles make them suitable for microelectronics, ceramics, catalysis, medicine, cosmetics, as piezoelectric materials, conductors, etc. 

Supplementary to the technical use of nano celluloses reviewed in the previous sections, BC in particular has great potential as a natural biomaterial for the development of medical devices and applications in healthcare and veterinary medicine. 

Guiducd C et al. ISyPeM Intelligent Integrated Systems for Personalised Medicine, http // www.nano-terach/projects/405.php... 

N. P. Galagan, V. M. Bogatyrov, I. V. Grytsenko, V. L. Osaulenko, and A. A. Chuiko, Silica-based nano-materials and their effect on cells. Abstr. International Conference Nanomaterials in Chemistry, Biology and Medicine (September 15-16, 2005. Kiev, Ukraine), p. 97. 

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