N-Methyl-2-Pyrolidone

The process for the final step in a multistep synthesis produces a sodium salt of free phenol. Figure 10-9 shows the flowsheet of the crystallization process. Two streams—stream A containing free phenol dissolved in n-methyl pyrolidone (NMP) and stream B containing ethanolic sodium ethoxide solution—ai e charged simultaneously to a slurry seed bed of sodium-salt of phenol. The addition time is several hours. At the end of each batch, a portion of the batch slurry is wet-milled and used as seed for the next batch. The amount of seed varies from 5% to 20% of the size of the batch. 

It is well known that alkali and alkaline earth cations are very difficult to complex due to the configuration of the rare gas electronic structure of these ions. Fortunately, some specific ligands are known, such as aprotic dipolar solvents (dimethylformamide, sulfolane, dimethylsulfoxide, N-methyl pyrolidone and so on), aminoxides, phosphinoxides, glymes and polyethylene glycols, crown ethers and cryptates, bidentate amines (tetramethyl ethylene diamine, 1,10 phenanthroline, etc. [14, 53, 61, 68]. 

Figure 4.10 The effect of various ligands on the PO consumption rate in anionic PO polymerisation. Temperature 110 °C Pressure 0.4 MPa catalyst concentration 0.0056 mol/1 NMP N-methyl pyrolidone...

Trifluoroacetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, aniline, benzaldehyde, m-cresol, cyclohexanone, N,N-dimethyl acetamide, N,N-dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol amine, formic acid, N-methyl-2-pyrolidone, nitrobenzene, propylene carbonate, pyridine, triethyl phosphate... 

CO2 Capture Using an Aqueous Formulated Solvent Containing Ethylaminoethanol, N- Methyl-2-Pyrolidone, and Hydroxyl Radical Scavengers Study of Solvent Degradation and Absorption Kinetics... 

---