N-Glucosidase

It is uncertain whether the -D-galactosidase and the n-glucosidase of sweet almond emulsin are the same or different enzymes. See B. Helferich, Ergtlb. Emymforsch., 7, 83 (1938). 

This is only the case if pullulan is treated (by mild treatment with acid or by boiling) to inactivate an associated a-n-glucosidase if this is not done, further degradation of the maltotriose occurs. 

Hydrolases. Enzymes catalysing the hydrolytic cleavage ofC —O, C —N and C —C bonds. The systematic name always includes hydrolase but the recommended name is often formed by the addition of ase to the substrate. Examples are esterases, glucosidases, peptidases, proteinases, phospholipases. Other bonds may be cleaved besides those cited, e.g. during the action of sulphatases and phosphatases. 

Plm - plasmalemma, CW -cell wall, ChE- cholinesterase, ChR - cholinoreceptor, AdR -adrenoreceptor, Glc-glucosidase, I - Inhibition, S-stimulation,l50 or S50 - concentration, which inhibits or stimulate the process by 50 %, N - no effect, (-) - no experiments... 

Takada K, Uehara T, Nakao Y, Matsunaga S, van Soest WM, Fusetani N. (2004) Schulzeines A-C, new a-glucosidase inhibitors from the marine Sponge Penares schulzei. J Am Chem Soc 126 187-193. 

Yoshikawa M, Shimada H, Nishida N, Li Y, Toguchida I, Yamahara J, Matsuda H. (1998) Antidiabetic principles of natural medicines. II. Aldose reductase and a-glucosidase inhibitors from Brazilian natural medicine, the leaves of Myrcia multiflora DC. (Myrtacae) Structures of myrciacitrins I and II and myrciaphenones A and B. Chem Pharm Bull 46 113-119. 

Anis E, Anis 1, Ahmed S, Mustafa G, Malik A, Afza N. (2002) a-Glucosidase inhibitory constituents from Cuscuta reflexa Emm ANIS. Chem Pharm Bull 50 112-114. 

Yoshikawa M, Nishida N, Shimoda H, Takada M, Kawahara Y, Matsuda H. (2001) Polyphenol constituents from Salacia Species Quantitative analysis of mangiferin with a-glucosidase and aldose reductase inhibitory activities. Yakugaku Zasshi 121 371-378. 

B-Glucosidases and other glycosidases have been determined to often show an exceedingly high degree of specificity toward a particular substrate (2 ,n ). In recent work (12,13) this specificity has been shown to be attributable to the structure of the agiycone. 

Because of the known detrimental effects of N-alkylation in isofagomine (61), Fan and coworkers prepared a range of C-alkyl derivatives such as compound 62 (Scheme 17), which constitute the most powerful inhibitors of (3-glucosidases known thus far.170... 

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