N-Ethyl morpholine

A mixture of 800 g of potassium o-bromo-benzoate, 1,500 ml of bis-(2-methoxyethyl)ether, 355 g of N-ethyl-morpholine, 375 g of 2,3-dimethylaniline, and 30 g of cupric acetate is heated gradually with stirring to 140°C over a period of 90 minutes. The hot reaction mixture is then acidified with 260 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid and the acidified mixture divided into 2 equal portions. One liter of water is added to each portion and the mixtures allowed to cool. The N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)anthranllic acid which separates upon cooling is collected by filtration and recrystallized from bis(2-methoxyethyl)ether MP 229° to 230°C (corr.). 

Figure 3. Experimental displacement isotherms of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) from silica in water/displacer mixtures. NMP N-methyl pyrrolidine PYR Pyridine NEM N-ethyl morpholine DMSO dimethylsulfoxide...

IJ Trienes.1 These trienes can be prepared in moderate yield by Pd-cat-alyzed reaction of fumaryl chloride (1) with 1-alkenes in the presence of N-ethyl-morpholine (2), which is superior to Bu3N as the base. (E,E)-5-Phenyl-2,4-pentadienyl chloride (3) can also be used in the condensation (last example), but this reaction is not (E,E,E)-specific. 

Figure 7. Mg2+ ion effect on the imidazole-catalyzed hydrolysis of PPS [PPS]=2xlO 2M, N-ethyl-morpholine buffer (0.2M, pH 8), and 55°C. Imidazole concentrations are, from the bottom 0.0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04M.

Addition of fiirther bases like triethylamine or N-ethyl morpholine allowed the reduction of the level of alkylcyclohexanols (see Table 2). Whereas small amounts of the tertiary amine yielded a cis/trans ratio of about 3, a higher ratio was obtained at a N-ethyl morpholine concentration of 0.2 mol/mol phenol However, under the latter conditions the formation of alkylcyclohexanols was increased in fiivor of the desired alkylcyclohexylamines. As in the case of the inorganic bases, larger amounts of tertiary amines added to the reaction led to a decrease of the catalyst activity. 

Run N-ethyl morpholine fmol/mol phenoll Reaction time fminl Conversion [%] Selectivity to amines f%l cis/trans ratio amines... 

Reaction parameters alkylphenol R = 4-t-C4H9, 0.1 mol/mol phenol LiOH, 0.1 mol N-ethyl morpholine/mol phenol, 1% Pt + 4%Rh/C catalyst. Residual conqmsition mainly alkylcyclohexanols, traces of alkylcyclohexane. T = 423 K. ... 

Detergents and salts interfere with protein molecular weight determinations, so proteins should be isolated to homogeneity in a volatile buffer system. Ideally, proteins are desalted by reverse-phase HPLC in aqueous acetonitrile or methanol solutions. These solvents can be infused directly into the mass spectrometer. Alternatively, proteins can be lyophilized from ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium acetate, or N-ethyl morpholine solutions. 

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