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Myelin degradation

B cells likely cross previously damaged sections of the blood-brain barrier to arrive in the CNS, an area normally free of B cells. Autoreactive T cells cause B cells to form autoantibodies to myelin. B-cell antibodies also initiate the complement cascade which causes myelin degradation.7... [Pg.432]

Stoll, G., Griffin, J. W., Li, C. Y. and Trapp, B. D. Wallerian degeneration in the peripheral nervous system participation of both Schwann cells and macrophages in myelin degradation./. Neurocytol. 18 671-683,1989. [Pg.626]

In 1950, Brain and Greenfield noted metachromatic deposits in cerebral white matter and in the epithelium of renal tubuli, and distention of ganghon cells and pointed out the homogeneity of reported cases. Hirsch and Peiffer (1955) made a systematic histochemical study of the myelin degradation products in leucodystrophy, examining the cases of Scholz (1925), van Bogaert and Scholz (1932), Scholz (1933), van Bogaert and Bertrand (1933) and Wicke... [Pg.311]

The main histochemical feature of ML is reflected in the name. Staining of frozen sections with aqueous acetic cresylviolet (Hirsch and Peiffer 1955) results in brown metachromasia of the myelin degradation products instead of the normal purple color of myelin. The method allows differentiation and localization of the alcohol-soluble storage material in ML, although, like most other histochemical tests, it is not completely specific for this lipid. [Pg.317]

It is not known whether glial cells become abnormal because of glial insufficiency (ScHOLZ 1925) resulting from excessive myelin degradation which exceeds the metabolic capacity of glial cells (Peiffer 1959) in the presence of a normal enzymic machinery or because they, too, harbour the enzymic lesion. It is more likely, that the enzymic lesion in ML is not limited to certain cells (Jatzkewitz 1960) but plays a role wherever sulfatides are important substrates. [Pg.326]

R., and Cheng, J.X. (2007) Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering imaging of myelin degradation reveals a calcium-dependent pathway in lyso-PtdCho-induced demyelination. /. Neurosci. Res., 85, 2870—2881. [Pg.583]

Organotellurium compounds such as dimethyltellurium dichloride and dimethyltelluride have been reported as potential inhibitors of squalene monooxygenase, causing a dramatic reduction in the rate of cholesterol biosynthesis and leading to degradation of the myelin sheath. [Pg.329]

Krabbe disease is caused by inherited deficiency of the lysosomal hydrolase galactocerebrosidase, the enzyme responsible for degradation of gaiactosyiceramide, a component of the myelin sheath, and other galactosphingosines (eg, psychosine). [Pg.45]

Banik, N.L., Matzelle, D., Terry, E., Hogan, E.L., 1997, A new mechanism of methylprednisolone and other corticosteroids action demonstrated in vitro inhibition of a proteinase (calpain) prevents myelin and cytoskeletal protein degradation, Brain. Res. 748,205—210... [Pg.46]

Increased production of metabolites of phenylalanine that inhibit synthesis of a variety of substances required for normal brain growth Inhibition of TV-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, which are involved in memory and learning Competitive inhibition of transport of other amino acids required for protein synthesis Impaired polyribosome formation or stabilization Reduced synthesis/increased degradation of myelin Decreased formation of norepinephrine and serotonin Altered myelin structure and function... [Pg.206]


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