Muscle Function model

Modulation of the SR Ca2+ ATPase by PLB perhaps provides the clearest evidence of the significance of the SR to smooth muscle Ca2+ homeostasis and contractility. It also offers some cautions since the effects of modulation of SR function were clearly dependent on the smooth muscle tissue studied. In summary, genetically altered mouse models provide a new approach for assessing the physiological significance of the SR to smooth muscle function in vivo. 

The success of ENIOI/Monarsen treatment in animal models led recently to clinical trials in human myasthenic patients, which are simultaneously run in Israel and the UK. ENIOI/Monarsen is provided at a daily single orally delivered dose followed by measurable improvement in muscle functioning (Argov et al, 2007). The reported effect lasts over 24 h, with a 100-fold lower required molar dose than that of pyridostigmine. 

Jurasinski, C.V., Lieth, E., Dang Do, A.N., and Schengrund, C.L. 2001. Correlation of cleavage of SNAP-25 with muscle function in a rat model of botulinum neurotoxin type A induced paralysis. Toxicon 39 1309-1315. 

The idea for this distributed muscle fiber model arose in 1990 [44]. At that time, muscle fibers were assumed to be functionally similar to muscle strips. Recently, experiments on isolated muscle libers show this to be the case. Predictions from the model have recently been borne out, for example, the magnitude of computed peak isometric force compared to that measured on isolated guinea pig myocytes [34]. Peak isometric stress measured on isolated rabbit myocytes (5.4 mN/mm ) is very close to peak stress from rabbit papillary muscle strips (6.4 mN/mm ) [45]. The distributed model generates peak isometric stress of 2.5 mN/mm. Other muscle phenomena measured on the isolated fiber include a quadratic force-length relation [45], inotropic changes in contractile state [37], quick release and stretch [37,39], and isotonic contractions [46], all in agreement with model predictions. 

Human Parameter Databases Biomechanical, Muscle-Level Modeling and Analysis Body Function-Specific Tools Biomechanical, Joint-Level, Total Human Analysis ... 

Cardiac cells, 22-15-22-16 Cardiac ejection fraction, 1-6 Cardiac function, in the absence of organized nodal triggers, 18-14-18-15 Cardiac geometry and structure, 54-1-54-9 extracellular matrix organization, 54-7-54-9 Cardiac hypertrophy energy considerations in, 8-22 heart function modeling during, 8-21-8-25 predictive power of, 8-22-8-25 Cardiac muscle, 21-10 Cardiac pump function, 54-9-54-13... 

Introduction Modeling Heart Dynamics Modeling Muscle Dynamics Modeling Heart Function during Hypertrophy Summary References... 

---