Phosphate stabilization municipal solid wastes

The WES-PHix process is designed to chemically stabilize ash from municipal solid waste combustion. This technology reduces the solubility of certain heavy metals in ash through the addition of soluble phosphate, lime, and water. The addition of these reagents to ash promotes... 

Phosphate stabilization of municipal solid waste combustion residues geochemical principles... 

Crannell, B. S., Eighmy, T. T., Krzanowski, J. E., Eusden, J. D. Jr., Shaw, E. L. Francis, C. A. 2000. Heavy metal stabilization in municipal solid waste combustion bottom ash using soluble phosphate. Waste Management, 20, 135-148. 

PlANTONE, P., BODENAN, F., DERIE, R. Depelsenaire, G. 2003. Monitoring the stabilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash by phosphatation mineralogical and balance approach. Waste Management, 23, 225-243. 

In addition to the utility plant fly ash, one may also use volcanic fly ash, ash produced from burning municipal solid waste or any other combustion product that contains ash. The role of ash is also important in management of hazardous and radioactive waste because often such waste, if combustible, is incinerated to reduce its volume. The incinerated ash now is richer in inorganic hazardous components and needs to be stabilized. CBPC processes are ideal for stabilizing such ash because, phosphates are ideal materials to stabilize hazardous and radioactive contaminants, but as mentioned before, ash improves the physical and mechanical properties of the end products. Stabilization of such ashes is discussed in Chapters 16 and 17. 

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