Multislice spiral CT

Marten K, Funke M, Obenauer S, Baum F, Grabbe E (2003) The contribution of different postprocessing methods for multislice spiral CT in acute pulmonary embolism. Rofo 175(5) 635-639... 

Flohr T, Ohnesorge B (2001) Heart rate adaptive optimization of spatial and temporal resolution for ECG-gated multislice spiral CT of the heart. JCAT 25 907-923... 

Rubin GD, Dake MD, Semba CP (1995) Current status of three-dimensional spiral CT scanning for imaging the vasculature. Radiol Clin North Am 33 51-70 (Review) Schaller S, Flohr T, Klingenbeck K, Krause J, Fuchs T, Kalender WA (2000) Spiral interpolation algorithm for multislice spiral CT-Part I Theory. IEEE Trans Med Imag 19 822-834... 

Achenbach S, Ulzheimer S et al. (2000) Noninvasive coronary angiography by retrospectively ECG-gated multislice spiral CT. Circulation 102 2823 2828... 

Boehm T, Alkadhi H, Schertler T et al. (2004) (Application of multislice spiral CT (MSCT) in multiple injured patients and its effect on diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms) Rofo 176 1734-1742... 

Fig. 4.1a-e. A 46-year-old male patient with multiple tumors of the right kidney after left-sided nephrectomy 2 years before. Multiplanar reformat (MPR) depicts two small tumors in the right kidney (a). For RF ablation the RF probe was inserted via a dorsal approach. Repositioning was needed to reach the different tumors and to ensure complete ablation (b,c). Post-interventional MPR (d) as well as axial multislice spiral CT (MSCT) image (e) show the typical wedge-shaped areas of necrosis... 

Fig. 4.2a-e. A 73-year-old male patient with renal cell carcinoma, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular comorbidity. Multiplanar reformat (MPR) in the coronal plane from a pre-interventional multislice spiral CT depicts an eccentric 3.6-cm tumor of the right kidney (arrows) (a). The patient was considered to be at high risk for surgery. Because of the size of the hypervascularized tumor, a tumor embolization was performed prior to RF ablation (b,c). An umbrellashaped RF probe was introduced percutaneously via a lateral approach (d). Four months after RFA the axial CT image shows no contrast enhancement in the tumor area (arrows), corresponding to complete tumor necrosis (e). A sufficient safety margin without contrast enhancement is visible... 

Hacker M, Jakobs T et al. (2007) Sixty-four slice spiral CT angiography does not predict the functional relevance of coronary artery stenoses in patients with stable angina. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 34 4-10 He ZX, Hedrick TD et al. (2000) Severity of coronary artery calcification by electron beam computed tomography predicts silent myocardial ischemia. Circulation 101 244-251 Hoffmann MH, Shi H et al. (2005) Noninvasive coronary angiography with multislice computed tomography. JAMA 293 2471-2478... 

In four-slice spiral CT the same acquired raw data set can be used to reconstruct two or more data sets of varying thickness. For this reason, it is important to distinguish between acquisition parameters, given as (NxSC/TF), and reconstruction parameters, expressed as (SW/Rl) (Cademartiri et al. 2003). With multislice scanners, two definitions of pitch factor are used, depending on whether a section (P =TF/SC) or total collimation of the detector array (P=TF/NxSC) is chosen as the reference (Prokop 2003c). 

Wang G, Vannier MW (1999) The effect of pitch in multislice spiral/helical CT. Med Phys 26 2648-2653... 

Many users of spiral and multislice CT scanners have switched from conventional image interpretation to primary digital interpretation on the monitor. The interactive options have numerous advantages... 

With conventional MR imaging techniques, lymph nodes are visualized vdien they have a size of at least 1.0-1.5 cm [10]. Optimized imaging techniques (body phased-array coil, 512 matrix, 3D acquisition) or state-of-the-art spiral or multislice CT scanners depict lymph nodes as small at about 3-5 mm [7,8]. These techniques usually allow good evaluation of the lymph nodes adjacent to the straight great vessels (Fig. 15.1). 

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