Multimodal communication

If we look back at the considerations about possible communicative mechanisms, we find many possible solutions for this. The most obvious one is that the simple physical measures we used for movement description are not adequate, or there is a summation of different features over time. So far we can exclude at least multimodal communication where skin showing and movement quality add up. 

Acquistapace P, Aquiloni L, Hazlett BA, Gherardi F (2002) Multimodal communication in crayfish sex recognition during mate search by male Austropotamobius pallipes. Can J Zool 80 2041-2045... 

Partan S, Marler P (1999) Behavior - Communication goes multimodal. Science 283 1272-1273 Partan SR, Marler P (2005) Issues in the classification of multimodal communication signals. 

Uetz GW, Roberts JA (2002) Multisensory cues and multimodal communication in spiders insights from video/audio playback studies. Brain Behav Evol 59 222-230... 

There are several topics that we thought were ready for thorough review such as multimodal communication, deception, and pheromones in aquaculture and pest... 

Oviatt, S.L., Coulston, R., Lunsford, R. When Do We Act Multimodally Cognitive Load and Multimodal Communication Patterns. In Sixth International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI 2004), ACM Press, New York (2004)... 

FIGURE 7.11 Multimode assay based on UPLC/MS/MS system. A four-compound mixture was assayed in one injection. The mass spectrometer switched among the four ionization modes quickly. The ionization modes for the analytes are shown. (Source Adapted from Yu, K. et al., Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 2007, 21, 893. With permission of John Wiley Sons.)... 

Drea, C.M. and Scordato, E.S. (2007) Olfactory communication in the ringtailed lemur (Lemur cotta) form and function of multimodal signals. In J. Hurst, R. Beynon, C. Roberts and T. Wyatt (Eds.), Chemical Signals in Vertebrates 11. Springer Press, New York, pp. 80-90. 

Olfactory Communication in the Ringtailed Lemur (Lemur catta) Form and Function of Multimodal Signals... 

Abstract To better understand the relation between form and function in the complex olfactory communication system of the ringtailed lemur (Lemur catta), we integrated observational, experimental, and chemical approaches applied to a population of semi free-ranging animals at the Duke Lemur Center in Durham, North Carolina. Our aim was to examine sex-role reversal in the expression and function of scent marking and unravel the contribution of multimodal components of information transfer, with the unifying framework for all three avenues of our research being that multiplicity of form implies multiplicity of function. 

Pastorin G, Wu W, Wieckowski S, Briand JP, Kostarelos K, Prato M, Bianco A (2006) Double functionalisation of carbon nanotubes for multimodal drug delivery. Chem. Commun. 1182-1184. 

Several workers have employed monomodal cavities for microwave chemistry on the sub-gram scale. In some cases in which monomodal cavities have been used7, special benefits of so-called focussed microwaves have been claimed. As mentioned earlier, the dielectric properties of a sample can alter substantially with temperature and/or with changing chemical composition. Hence, regardless of whether multi-modal or unimodal cavities are employed, frequent tuning may be necessary if heating efficiency is to be retained. This aspect has often been overlooked by proponents of focussed microwaves. The nett result is that transfer of microwave conditions between monomodal to multi-modal cavities is usually facile. With the MBR (which had a tunable multimodal cavity), Cablewski et al. performed five reactions that had been conducted earlier on the gram scale or below with focussed microwaves (T. Cablewski, B. Heilman, P. Pilotti, J. Thorn, and C.R. Strauss, personal communication see also Ref. 117 for conference poster). These were scaled-up between 40- and 60-fold and reaction conditions... 

Yu, K., Di, L., Kems, E. H., Li, S. Q., Alden, P., and Plumb, R. S. (2007). Ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometric quantification of structurally diverse drug mixtures using an ESI-APCI multimode ionization source. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 21 893-902. 

Over the last several years, NIMH has funded a cohort of dedicated stimulant/ADHD advocates to conduct an expensive, nationwide, longterm study under naturalistic conditions in the community to prove the effectiveness of stimulants in treating so-called ADHD (Jensen et ah, 2001). The list of authors includes Peter Jensen, Stephen Hinshaw, James Swanson, Larry Greenhill, and even Keith Conners. It was as if the aging Stimulant Club had gone on government relief to produce the NIMH Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD (MTA), whose results continue to be published. 

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