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Mountain sickness

Aceta2olamide, the best example of this class of diuretics (69,70), is rarely used as a diuretic since the introduction of the thia2ides. Its main use is for the treatment of glaucoma and some minor uses, eg, for the a1ka1ini2ation of the urine to accelerate the renal excretion of some weak acidic dmgs, and for the prevention of acute high altitude mountain sickness. [Pg.210]

Tablets, sustained-release capsules, and injection - For the prevention or amelioration of symptoms associated with acute mountain sickness in climbers attempting rapid ascent and in those who are susceptible to acute mountain sickness despite gradual ascent. [Pg.702]

Acute mountain sickness - 500 to 1000 mg/day, in divided doses of tablets or sustained release capsules. For rapid ascent (ie, in rescue or military operations), use the higher dose (1000 mg). If possible, initiate dosing 24 to 48 hours before ascent and continue for 48 hours while at high altitude, or longer as needed to control symptoms. [Pg.703]

Sustained release - May be used twice daily, but is only indicated for use in glaucoma and acute mountain sickness. [Pg.703]

The three main types of altitude illness, characterised initially by nausea, headache, sleep disturbance and stomach upset, are acute mountain sickness (AMS) high altitude pulmonary oedema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral oedema (HACK). They occur after rapid ascent to altitudes greater than 2,500 m (about 8,000 feet) in unacclimatised people. In unacclimatised mountaineers, the prevalence of AMS at 4,559 metres (15,000 feet) is approximately 50% and HAPE 4%. Risk depends on individual susceptibility, rate of ascent and pre-exposure to high altitude. AMS is not a pre-requisite for HAPE. [Pg.516]

Other suggested uses include sexual dysfunction secondary to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), macular degeneration, premenstrual syndrome, and the prevention of acute mountain sickness at high altitude. Some of these uses are supported only by a single study. [Pg.790]

Acute mountain sickness PO 500-1000 mg/day in divided doses, if possible, begin 24-48 hr before ascent continue at least 48 hr at high altitude. Initially, 250 mg 2 times/day use lowest effective dose. [Pg.12]

V. Effective in ameliorating the symptoms of acute mountain sickness. [Pg.207]

Weakness, dizziness, insomnia, headache, and nausea can occur in mountain travelers who rapidly ascend above 3000 m. The symptoms are usually mild and last for a few days. In more serious cases, rapidly progressing pulmonary or cerebral edema can be life-threatening. By decreasing cerebrospinal fluid formation and by decreasing the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid and brain, acetazolamide can increase ventilation and diminish symptoms of mountain sickness. [Pg.329]

Acetazolamide, others Inhibition of the enzyme prevents dehydration of H2CO3 and hydration of CO2 Reduces reabsorption of HC03 in the kidney, causing self-limited diuresis hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis reduces body pH, reduces intraocular pressure Glaucoma, mountain sickness, edema with alkalosis Oral and topical preparations available duration of action 8-12 h Toxicity Metabolic acidosis, renal stones, hyperammonemia in cirrhotics... [Pg.341]

Winslow, R. M., and C. C. Monge (1987). Hypoxia, Polycythemia and Chronic Mountain Sickness. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press. Zapol, W.M., G.C. Liggins, R.C. Schneider, J. Qvist, M.T. Snider, R.K. Creasy, and P.W. Hochachka (1979). Regional blood flow during simulated diving in the conscious Weddell seal. J. Appl. Physiol. 47 968-973. [Pg.185]

Winslow, R.M., and C. Monge (1987). Hypoxia, Polycythemia, and Chronic Mountain Sickness. Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press. [Pg.216]

Bihl G, Meyers A 2001 Recurrent renal stone disease — advances in pathogenesis and clinical management. Lancet 358 651-656 Brater D C 1998 Diuretic therapy. New England Journal of Medicine 339 387-395 Dumont L, Mardirosoff C, Tramer MR 2000 Efficacy and harm of pharmacological prevention of acute mountain sickness quantitative review. British Medical Journal 321 267-272 Hackett P H, Roach R C 2001 High-altitude sickness. [Pg.546]

The Arabic word for antimony stibnite or antimony trisulfate was kohl, from which the word alcohol ultimately derives (1). Antimonious ores were sometimes confused with lead ores, and alquifou was the name of a Cornish lead ore that looked like antimony and was used by potters to give a green glaze to earthenware. The word that the Quechua Indians of Peru use for antimony is surucht, which gives soroche, a synonym for mountain sickness, which antimony was thought to cause. [Pg.316]

The carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, of which acetazol-amide (rINN), a non-competitive inhibitor, is the prototype, are not suitable for normal diuretic use, because tolerance soon develops. However, they are well suited to brief intermittent use, particularly in the relief of glaucoma and in the prevention of acute mountain sickness. Acetazolamide and methazolamide (rINN) should be used with caution in the long-term control of glaucoma because of its serious systemic adverse effects. However, brinzolamide (rINN) and dorzolamide (rINN) are available for long-term topical administration. [Pg.643]

Inhibitors to the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme is widely distributed in the body and has a fundamental role in the control of acid-base balance. In the 1920s it was noticed that the SULPHONAMIDE sulfanilamide had a weak diuretic action. Acetazolamide is a subsequent thiadiazole-sulphonamide derivative with potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor activity. Clinically, it is used for antiglaucoma TREATMENT, is a weak diuretic and can be used to treat mountain sickness. Dichlorphenamide and dorzolamide are sulphonamide derivatives also used for antiglaucoma treatment. Methazolamide is used as a diuretic. Now that seven or more isoenzymes of carbonic anhydrase have been cloned. Isolated and mapped, some new initiatives are aimed at developing agents with more selective actions. [Pg.66]

Chow T,Browne V, Heileson HL, Wallace D, Anholm J,Green SM. Ginkgo biloba and acetazolamide prophylaxis for acute mountain sickness. Arch Intern Med 2005 165 296-301. [Pg.52]

Gertsch JH, Basnyat B Johnson EW, Onopa J, Hoick PS, on behalf of the Prevention of High Altitude Illness Trial Research Group. Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled comparison of ginkgo biloba and acetazolamide for prevention of acute mountain sickness among Himalayan trekkers the prevention of high altitude illness trial (PHAIT). Br Med J 2004 328 797-801. [Pg.52]

Diuretics have a wide range of clinical uses, including HTN, heart failure, edematous states, renal dysfunction, hypercalcemias, nephrolithiasis, glaucoma, and mountain sickness. Although they are classed as diuretics, recognize that both loops and thiazides cause significant vasodilation, an action that contributes to their clinical effectiveness, especially in HTN and heart failure. [Pg.117]

Glaucoma (decreases formation of aqueous humor i IOP), acute mountain sickness (— - pulmonary and cerebral edema), metabolic alkalosis (e.g., thiazide-induced), elimination of acidic drugs (e.g., ASA, uric acid). [Pg.119]

Diuretics are used to treat HTN, heart failure, edema, renal dysfunction, hypercalcemia, renal stones, glaucoma, and mountain sickness. In addition to their diuretic action, the loop and thiazide diuretics also cause vasodilation. [Pg.124]


See other pages where Mountain sickness is mentioned: [Pg.162]    [Pg.245]    [Pg.790]    [Pg.202]    [Pg.329]    [Pg.884]    [Pg.177]    [Pg.102]    [Pg.356]    [Pg.918]    [Pg.238]    [Pg.166]    [Pg.539]    [Pg.605]    [Pg.3]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.305]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.162 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.539 , Pg.673 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.337 , Pg.338 ]




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Acute mountain sickness

Chronic mountain sickness

Hypoxia mountain sickness

Mountain sickness, treatment

Mountaineer

Mountaineering

Mountains

Sick

Sickly

Sickness

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