Monosaccharides profiling

Hemicelluloses can be hydrolysed into their component sugars and used as a fermentation feedstock for the production of ethanol and other alcohols (e.g. butanol, arabitol, glycol and xylitol), organic acids (e.g. acetic acid), acetone and gases (e.g. methane and hydrogen). The wider monosaccharide profile offers opportunities to develop different products to those derived from glucose alone. 

Spectroscopic analysis did not appear to be suitable. Thin layer chromatographic analysis is useful and may be used to differentiate among the major groups of gums. However, under the best of circumstances it is only semiquantitative. We settled upon gas-liquid partition chromatography (GLC) of the hydrolysate as the best method of identification, as it provides the best information on the monosaccharide profile, in lieu... 

For biopharmaceuticals, quantitative monosaccharide profiling allows detection of residues indicative of undesired glycosylation (e. g. NeuGc) or the classes of glycans (for example, the presence of GalNAc indicates 0-glycosylation). For technical reasons, neutral and A-acetylat-ed residues are generally profiled separately from sialic acids. 

De Bruijn et al.26 30 used chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques to analyze the effect of reaction variables (such as pH and monosaccharide concentration) on the product profile and developed a reaction model (see Fig. 9) that emphasized the role of a-dicarbonyl compounds. Some of the features of the model shown in Fig. 9 are ... 

We are using GC/MS for profiling primary metabolites in M. truncatula. This approach allows for the simultaneous profiling of approximately 300 to 500 components, including amino acids, organic acids, monosaccharides, disaccharides,... 

Xg/mL Figure 8a) resulted in profiles containing a major A280 carbohydrate-containing peak of K3V = 0.56, cmc = 100 - 120 /xg/mL. In no instance was there evidence for enzyme catalyzed monosaccharide production. 

Analysis of LLO from controls reveals predominantly an LLO structure consisting of 14 monosaccharide residues (Glc3Man9GlcNAc2), whereas CDG-patients with defined type-I deficiencies show shortened LLO profiles, which help to identify defects in patients with unknown CDG-I types. 

Our proposed interpretation of the data is that the mono-and oligosaccharides listed in Table I that bind to Con A all interact with the protein in the same manner. That is, since oligosaccharides produce the same change in the NMRD profile as monosaccharides, their binding modes must be quite similar. 

Figure 9. Hypothetical scheme for binding of antibody against lacto-N-difuco-hexaose I (Anti-LND I) and antibody against lacto-N-tetraose (Anti-LNT) to opposite sides of the oligosaccharide lacto-N-difucohexaose I. Profiles of monosaccharide units were drawn from a molecular model similar to those shown in...

Gas chromatographic analysis allows the determination of the monosaccharides present by comparing the retention times with those of reference compounds. It is noteworthy to mention that the chromatographic profile is quite simple, because the deuterated compounds are not separated from the non-deuterated, even if a small difference in retention time can be evidenced by comparison of specific ion chromatograms. Each monosaccharide can give a maximum of four peaks, corresponding to the cd(3 and the pyran/furan isomers. 

Monosaccharide Glycoform Glycosylation Site Map Composition Profile... 

This method is not suitable for profiling of sialic acids, which are destroyed by the harsh acid hydrolysis and cannot be labeled by reductive amination, but does give reliable data for neutral monosaccharides. 

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