Mononobe - Okabe

For the calculation of the total pressure imposed by the soil on the support works, the Mononobe-Okabe formulation can be used (CasteUani et al., 2000). 

Mylonakis G, Kloukinas P, Papantonopoulos C (2007) An alternative to the Mononobe-Okabe equations for seismic earth pressures. Soil Dyn EarthqEng 27(10) 957-969 NTC (2008) Italian building code, DM 14 Jan, GU n 29, 4 Feb, n 30 Rankine WJM (1857) On the stability of loose earth. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond 147 9-27... 

Mononobe-Okabe analysis, (b) Forces acting rai passive wedge in Mononobe-Okabe analysis... 

For walls retaining saturated soils with restrained pore water conditions, to take into account the presence of water within the backfill, the Mononobe-Okabe approach is modified using... 

Here, y = unit weight of the soil and H = height of the wall. The total earth pressure coefficient (Kae) is calculated using the Mononobe-Okabe equation which is an extension of the Coulomb equation ... 

Fig. 5 Illustration of the Mononobe-Okabe approach for the evaluation of the active seismic force on a retaining structure...

Since the Mononobe-Okabe method considers only translational equilibrium, it provides no direct information on the point of application of 5aE-... 

For passive limit conditions, the Mononobe-Okabe approach is not recommended, because... 

In the past, the Mononobe-Okabe method was used to calculate the seismic-induced dynamic earth pressures on underground structures. The method assumes the earthquake load is caused by inertial forces of the surrounding soil and calculates the load using soil properties and a determined seismic coefficient. This method is not applicable in the case of underground structures. 

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