Modified layered oxides

Atherosclerotic lesions are thought to arise from transport and retention of plasma LDL through the endothelial cell layer into the extracellular matrix of the subendothelial space. Once in the artery wall, LDL is chemically modified through oxidation and nonenzymatic glycation. Mildly oxidized LDL then recruits monocytes into the artery wall. These monocytes then become transformed into macrophages that accelerate LDL oxidation. 

Preparation of Gold Nanocatalysts Supported on Silica Modified with Oxide Double Layers... 

Sensors based on the electrocatalytic oxidation of NO by a modified layer (Ir02, palladium metalloporphyrin modified electrodes). 

The CVD method can form a polymethylsiloxane layer of 0.6-0.8 nm on the inorganic particles (Table 12.1.2). Especially, the polysiloxane-modified titanium oxide has been used for the additives to cosmetics. Moreover, residual Si-H group grafted on the particles reacted with unsaturated organic compounds in the presence of Speier catalyst (47), H2PtCl6, to be functionalized by organic pendant group [Reaction (11 ). ... 

The simplest spectroscopic experiments are based on measurements of the amount of light transmitted by a sample. Such transmission-mode experiments are possible with chemically modified electrodes if the substrate electrode is transparent. In fact, tin oxide or indium tin oxide ( ITO ) electrodes are quite transparent over the entire visible spectrum [46]. If the modifying layer contains visible-range chromophores, then examining potential-induced chemical changes... 

In addition, one needs not to deal with impure surfaces so much because the reaction takes place in solution and surface layers (oxides for example) may dissolve under appropriate potential conditions. Several procedures for achieving activation are also known for electrocatalysts. Ion implantation may be a convenient method of activating and modifying an electrocatalyst. Activation takes place by the introduction of defects and modification by the production of surface-doped layers of varying composition. 

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