Models multiple-scale

HOTMAC/RAPTAD requires very extensive meteorological and terrain data input. The program user s guide and diagnostics are inadequate. HOTMAC does not model multiple scale eddy turbulence and does not provide for dispersion of gases that are denser-than air. It must be tailored to reflect the climatic characteristics of specific sites. 

Nelson E, Mendoza G, Regetz J, Polasky S, Tallis H, Cameron D, Chan KM, et al. Modeling multiple ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, commodity production and tradeoffs at landscape scales. Frontiers in Ecology and Environment, 2009. 7 pp. 4-11. doi 10.1890/080023... 

Multiple-scale perturbation analysis and numerical simulation of the unsteady-state IEM model. Chemical Engineering Science 45, 2857-2876. 

Fig. 14.11 Schematic representation of fiber spinning process simulation scheme showing the multiple scale simulation analysis down to the molecular level. This is the goal of the Clemson University-MIT NSF Engineering Research Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films (CAEFF) collaboration. CAEFF researchers are addressing fiber and film forming and structuring by creating a multiscale model that can be used to predict optimal combinations of materials and manufacturing conditions, for these and other processes.

With the advent of nanomaterials, different types of polymer-based composites developed as multiple scale analysis down to the nanoscale became a trend for development of new materials with new properties. Multiscale materials modeling continue to play a role in these endeavors as well. For example, Qian et al. [257] developed multiscale, multiphysics numerical tools to address simulations of carbon nanotubes and their associated effects in composites, including the mechanical properties of Young s modulus, bending stiffness, buckling, and strength. Maiti [258] also used multiscale modeling of carbon nanotubes for microelectronics applications. Friesecke and James [259] developed a concurrent numerical scheme to evaluate nanotubes and nanorods in a continuum. 

M.S. Shephard et al Automatic construction of 3-D models in multiple scale analysis. Comp. Mech. 17, 196-207 (1995)... 

Phillips, C. H. Modeling in Engineering-The challenge of multiple scales . ENGenious, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology (2002). 

Merchant, T.P., Gobbert, M.K., Cale, T.S. and Borucki, L.J. (2000) Multiple Scale Integrated Modeling of Deposition Processes. Thin Solid Films, 365, 368-375. 

Raimondeau, S. Aghalayam, P. Vlachos, D.G. Katsoulakis, M. Bridging the gap of multiple scales from microscopic to mesoscopic to macroscopic models. In Foundation of molecular Modeling and Simulation AIChE S5miposium Series No. 325 2001 Vol. 97, 155-158. 

Generalities on Modeling Problems Involving Multiple Scales... 

From a multiple scale modeling perspective, the presence of phenomenological parameters in various effective theories provides an opportunity for information passage in which one theory s phenomenological parameters are seen as derived quantities of another. We have already seen that although the linear theory of elasticity is silent on the particular values adopted by the elastic moduli (except for important thermodynamic inequalities), these parameters may be deduced on the basis of microscopic analysis. The advent of reliable models of material behavior makes it possible to directly calculate these parameters, complementing the more traditional approach which is to determine them experimentally. 

Lattice-gas algorithms have shown to provide useful information about the dynamics of flow in porous media and particularly in multiple-scaled porous media (Di Pietro, 1996 Di Pietro et al., 1994). These models reproduce fluid behavior within the incompressible limit, because they are automata for the Navier-Stokes equations. Lattice-gases allow the study of hydrodynamic phenomena at the pore scale, but they also recover transport laws at a macroscopic scale (Di Pietro, 1998). 

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