Model cooling

An experiment was conducted in a low speed gust tunnel in which steady and unsteady pressure distributions over the surface of a model cooling tower were measured. Attention is concentrated on the spectra of pressure fluctuations at a section near the throat of the tower. The effects of boundary layer, wake and incident wake on the spectra of pressure fluctuations at points on the tower are demonstrated, and the effects of lateral turbulence identified by varying the amplitude of the input to the gust actuators. 10 refs, cited. 

Centrifuges (benchtop and floor models, cooled if possible). 

Pump and tank model Compressor model Heat exchanger model Cooling tower model Boiler model Furnace model... 

Pump and tank model Compressor model Heat exchanger model Cooling-tower model Steam-generation model Furnace model Distillation model Reaction model Separation model Absorption and stripping model Combination of the preceding models... 

Thomas, W. M.,Eccles, J. and Fricker, C., 1999. Laboratory observations of biocide efficiency against Legionella in model cooling tower systems. ASHRAE Publication SE-99-3-4 (RP-954). 

After maximizing heat recovery in the heat exchanger network, those heating duties and cooling duties not serviced by heat recovery must be provided by external utilities. The outer-most layer of the onion model is now being addressed, but still dealing with targets. 

Dalibard J and Cohen-Tannoudji C 1989 Laser cooling belowthe Doppler limit by polarization gradients simple theoretical models J.Opt.Soc.Am. B 6 2023-45... 

Genera.1 Ca.se, The simple adiabatic model just discussed often represents an oversimplification, since the real situation implies a multitude of heat effects (/) The heat of solution tends to increase the temperature and thus to reduce the solubihty. 2) In the case of a volatile solvent, partial solvent evaporation absorbs some of the heat. (This effect is particularly important when using water, the cheapest solvent.) (J) Heat is transferred from the hquid to the gas phase and vice versa. (4) Heat is transferred from both phase streams to the shell of the column and from the shell to the outside or to cooling cods. 

A mathematical model of the operating characteristics of a modem HLW storage tank has been developed (60). This model correlates experimental data for the rate of radiolytic destmction of nitric acid, the rate of hydrogen generation owing to radiolysis of water, and cooling coil heat transfer. These are all functions of nitric acid concentration and air-lift circulator operation. 

---