MIXED POLY-SUBSTITUTION PRODUCTS

Halogens and Amino Group.—Mixed compounds containing both halogens and amino groups may be illustrated by the following CH2-Br—CH2—NH2, I-amino 2-brom ethane, CH3—CI2—NH2, i-amino i-di-iodo ethane, H2N—CH2—CHCl—CH2—NH2, 2-chlor, 1-3-di-amino propane. 

Chlor methyl cyanide Chlor acetic nitrile 

Di-chlor methyl cyanide Di-chlor acetic nitrile 

Tri-chlor methyl cyanide Tri-chlor acetic nitrile 

In all of these mixed compounds, the substances possess the properties of both kinds of substitution products represented. The halogen nitro compounds, on reduction, yield halogen amines. The halogen amines are basic compounds, like the amines themselves, and form salts with mineral acids. The halogen cyanogen compounds possess the nitrile properties of alkyl cyanides, and on hydrolysis yield halogen acids. The cyanogen amines are, similarly, both acid nitriles and 

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Oxidation Products of Poly-hydroxy Alcohols.—In our study of the mixed poly-substitution products we considered the mixed alcohol-aldehyde and alcohol-ketone compounds and showed that they are intermediate oxidation products between poly-hydroxy alcohols and poly-basic acids (p. 228). To illustrate, when glycerol, tri-hydroxy propane, is oxidized the following products are obtained. 

It seems better to take up the first line of development and to study next those hydrocarbons which differ from the members of the saturated series but which are capable of forming the same typical substitution products and derivatives. We shall then be in a position to consider, irrespective of the character of the hydrocarbon root, the various complicated mixed compounds or poly-substitution products which are known and which are of importance. 

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