Minimization of Waste from Process Operations

The third source of process waste after the reactor and separation and recycle systems is process operations. 

Sources of waste in process operations a. Start-up I shutdown in continuous processes 

Let us now suggest what can be done, particularly in design, to overcome such waste. 

Process operation for waste minimization. Many of the problems associated with waste from process operations can be mitigated if the 

There are many other sources of waste associated with process operations which can only be taken care of in the later stages of design or after the plant has been built and has become operational. For example, poor operating practice can mean that the process operates under conditions for which it was not designed, leading to waste. Such problems might be solved by an increased level of automation or better management of the process. These considerations are outside the scope of this text. 

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