Millennials

Following a millennial tradition, most astronomers measure optical fluxes in magnitude units. A magnitude is defined as ... 

Bond G. et al. (1997). A pervasive millennial-scale cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and glacial climates. Science 278,1257-1266. 

There is a striking contrast between the millennial variability of polar interglacial and glacial temperature histories. Whereas climate changes were frequent and large throughout... 

Grossinger, Richard, ed.Alchemy pre-Egyptian legacy, millennial promise. Richmond (CA) North Atlantic Books, 1979. 253p. 

Aoki, J., Suzuki, H., Sugiyama, Y., Quantitative prediction of in vivo biliary excretion clearance across the bile canalicular membrane from in vitro transport studies with isolated membrane vesicles. Abstract of Millennial World Congress of pharmaceutical Sciences, San Francisco, April 16-20, 2000, p. 92. 

Ross-Barraclough F, Shotyk W (2003) Millennial-scale records of atmospheric mercury deposition obtained from ombrotrophic and minerotrophic peatlands in the Swiss Jura Mountains. Environ Sci Technol 37 235-244... 

Yuasa H, Torimoto M, Tomei S, Watanabe J (2000) Carrier-mediated drug transport in the colon implications in designing drugs for sustained release formulations. Millennial World Congress of Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Francisco, California, USA, Abstracts p 77... 

Henderson GM, Hu CA precisely dated, high resolution record of Holocene East Asian monsoon intensity. A comparison with the millennial changes in the Indian monsoon elsewhere Geophys Res, 7... 

Tupper, D., Hotten, T., Moore, N. Presentation on olanzapine, given at the Society for Medicines Research Millennial Case Histories of Drug Discovery and Design Meeting. London, 2 December 1999. 

Maddison, Angus 2001. The World Economy a Millennial Perspective. Paris Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 

Much of what is currently known about the Earth s climate comes from the application of stable isotopes collected from ocean drill cores in marine sediments (e.g., Zachos et al. 2001). These isotopic data sets provide detailed records of how the Earth s oceans have responded to changing climate and are extremely valuable in assessing global climate histories down to millennial scales. Similar detailed isotopic records for terrestrial systems are, however, uncommon and frequently continuous terrestrial climate records that span millions to tens of millions of years are not preserved in the terrestrial geologic record. With the advent of paleoaltimetry studies targeted directly at the coupled isotopic effects of changes in climate... 

Natural Radiocarbon (i.e. Samples not Affected by Bomb-C). Prior to 1950, the 14C content of atmospheric C02 was approximately constant relative to the magnitude of the bomb spike or to radiodecay of 14C in SOM cycling on century-millennial timescales. For constant atmospheric 14C content (Fdtm = 1.0 pre-1959), / >, ... 

The rediscovery of Mendel s laws, the demonstration of crossing-over, the chromosome theory of heredity, the link between sex and XX or XY chromosomes, and the discovery of the first Mendelian disorders in man (alcaptonuria and brachydactyly) were all obtained in the first ten years of the twentieth century. In that brief period of time, light was thrown on the millennial mystery of heredity, and genetics became a science. 

Archer D, Brovkin V. The millennial atmospheric lifetime of anthropogenic CO2. Clim Change. 2008 90(3) 283-97. 

These changes in soil C stocks are relatively rapid, due to rapid turnover of soil organic matter (SOM) in these tropical soils. Using radiocarbon derived from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons in the 1960s as a tracer, Trumbore et al. (1995) estimated that the mean residence time of C in the top 10 cm of soil is about 3 years for 30% of the SOM and 10-30 years for 60% of the SOM. Only about 10% of the C in the top 10 cm of soil cycles on a millennial time scale. This very old C fraction increases to 40-80% in the... 

Suthhof, A., Ittekkot, V., and Gaye-Haake, B. (2001). Millennial-scale oscillation of denitrification intensity in the Arabian Sea during the late Quaternary and its potential influence on atmospheric N2O and global climate. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 15, 637—649. 

Figure 34.2 Hypothesized feedbacks within the marine N cycle on centennial-millennial time-scales. A direct proportionality, i.e., producing a change of equal sign to that of the forcing, is shown as a black arrow, while an indirect proportionality is shown as a grey arrow. Note that each complete loop contains exactly one indirect proportionality, therefore each represents a negative (stabilizing) feedback on the fixed N inventory. Modified after Deutsch et al. (2004).

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