Milk industry treatment

In meat production, different problems of a sensorial character are particularly encountered. For example, the wastes (the blood, parts of animal bodies and further wastes) rapidly decompose, resulting in a strong smell. Pathogenic microorganisms can also enter the atmosphere, which may lead to a propagation of different infections. Similar problems may also be encountered in the milk industry, in the course of an inefficient waste treatment. 

From the current literature it appears that free LAL is significantly more toxic than protein bound LAL. A number of factors are involved in the toxicity of LAL and its possible implications for humans. There is no current evidence to suggest that the human is susceptible to the cytomegly caused by LAL in rats. The decrease in digestibility of the protein is without a doubt the most significant factor in alkaline treatment. Milk alkali treatments as used by the food industry do not appear to yield toxic levels of LAL. Careful control of processing conditions appears to be the most satisfactory approach to prevent LAL from becoming a health hazard for humans. 

Reverse osmosis is used for desalination of seawater, treatment of recycle water in chemical plants and separation of industrial wastes. More recently the technique has been applied to concentration and dehydrogenation of food products such as milk and fruit juices. See ultrafiltralion. 

Tetracycline antibiotics have found wide application in animal industries for treatment, preventive maintenance and stimulation of growth of large horned livestock owing to what their residue amounts can be present at milk and meat of animals. Residue amounts of antibiotics are not toxic, however, capable to cause allergic reactions and to promote development of tolerance of the some people pathogenic bacterias. According with the legislative requirements of a number of the European countries it is forbidden to deliver to the population production polluted residual contents of tetracyclines. 

Humans are exposed to radiation from the testing and explosion of nuclear weapons and the wastes of nuclear reactors and power plants. Strontium-90 is a fission product from nuclear reactors. It is of particular concern because it has a long half-life of 38 years and becomes concentrated in the food chain, particularly plants-to-milk. The ban on atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons has reduced this hazard. Strontium-90 does have some industrial uses. Most people in developed countries receive minor exposure to radiation through medical procedures such as X-ray and various treatments for some diseases. 

Dried whole milk is prepared by conventional spray or roller drying, with some modifications of the preheat treatment of the milk. The product is usually stored under nitrogen to delay lipid oxidation and off-flavor development. In spite of the processing changes, flavor defects and short storage life have limited the markets for dried whole milk most of it is used in the confectionery and baking industries. Federal and FAO standards require a minimum of 20% but less than 40% milk fat and a maximum of 5% moisture. 

Several years ago the enzyme industry looked at the cheese industry and saw lactase as a big opportunity. Besides the lactose crystallization problem in frozen and concentrated milk products, the enzyme industry saw another potentially big profit application. Over half of the cheese whey produced in making cheese is diverted to waste treatment or waste disposal systems rather than being processed for food and feed use. Upgrading cheese whey became the hot development item for the enzyme industry. 

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