Migraine headaches system dysfunction

In some conditions, the pain appears to be caused by a complex mixture of nociceptive and neuropathic factors. An initial nervous system dysfunction or injury may trigger the neural release of inflammatory mediators and subsequent neurogenic inflammation. For example, migraine headaches probably represent... 

The musculoskeletal system is intimately involved in tension and migraine headaches. The muscle involvement in tension headache is obvious and includes the muscles of the head and face, the cervical spine, and the upper thorax. Somatic dysfunction of the occipito-atlantal joint, the atlanto-axial joint, and C2 on C3 are frequent sources of headache. The levator scapula, with its attachments to the scapula and the cervical spine, and the trapezius must be considered. Facial muscles may be the major source of head pain. The patient must be evaluated for bruxism, teeth grinding, or jaw clenching, which affects the temporalis and masseter muscles. Bruxism may lead to dysfunction of temporal bone motion or to problems with the temporomandibular joint. 

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