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Microreactor Reformer

The authors developed a multi-layered microreactor system with a methanol reforma- to supply hydrogen for a small proton exchange membrane fiiel cell (PEMFC) to be used as a power source for portable electronic devices [6]. The microreactor consists of four units (a methanol reformer with catalytic combustor, a carbon monoxide remover, and two vaporizers), and was designed using thermal simulations to establish the rppropriate temperature distribution for each reaction, as shown in Fig. 3. [Pg.67]

Steam reforming is generally the preferred process for hydrogen production.Particularly for portable hydrogen production, the requirement of an external heat source can be addressed through the advanced heat and mass transfer provided by microreactors. [Pg.532]

Two other hydrogen production methods, pyrolysis and aqueous reforming, have been explored for use in microreactors. Pyrolysis is the decomposition of hydrocarbons into hydrogen and carbon in water-free and air-free environments. ° If no water or air is present, no carbon oxides (e.g., CO or CO2) are... [Pg.534]

Microreactors with the thin film catalyst deposited as described were repetitively tested across a wide temperature range. The feed was composed of 1.7% CO, 68% H2, and 21% CO2 with N2 as the balance. The flow rate was maintained at 5 Ncm3/min ( 0.6 Wt) which the researchers believed would be enough for a 0.5 Wg fuel cell. However, using the DOE assumptions (45% for reformer systems), this would translate into approximately 0.27 W.7 After each... [Pg.537]

Mixet/vaporizet Catalytic reformer membrane microreactor... [Pg.540]

Pfeifer, P., Schubert, K., Liauw, M.A., Emig, G., Electrically heated microreactors for methanol steam reforming, Trans. IChemE 2003, 81A, 711-720. [Pg.400]

L., Renken, A., Catalyst coating in microreactors for methanol steam reforming kinetics, in Matlosz, M., Ehrfeld, W., Baselt, J. P. (Eds.), Microreaction Technology - IMRET 5 Proc. of the 5th International Conference on Microreaction Technology, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001, 322-331. [Pg.401]

Find, J., Lercher, J. A., Cremers, C., Stimming, U., Kurtz, O., Cramer, K., Characterization of supported methane steam reforming catalyst for microreactor systems, in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Microreaction Technology, IMRET 6 (11-14 March 2002), AIChE Pub. No. 164, New Orleans, 2002, 99-104. [Pg.402]

Many potential applications are under study. Miniature chemical reactors could be used for portable applications in which they provide advantages of rapid startup and shutdown and of increased safety (intensification by requiring only small quantities of hazardous materials). The development of chip-scale chemical and biological analysis systems has the potential to reduce the time and cost associated with conventional laboratory methods. These devices could be used as portable analysis systems for detection of hazardous chemicals in air and water. There is considerable interest in using a microreactor to provide in situ production of hydrogen for small-scale fuel-cell power applications by conducting a reformation reaction from some liquid hydrocarbon raw material (e.g., methanol). [Pg.415]

Figure 17 compares the actually measured axial temperature profile with the theoretical one in the simulation of the first reactor of a catalytic reformer by such a microreactor. It can be seen that the deviations from the theoretical profile are within a few degrees centigrade, even in this demanding test case where the reaction heat is only of the order of 5 W at a temperature level of about 500 °C. [Pg.30]

Fig. 17. Axial temperature profile in an adiabatic microreactor operating as the first bed of a catalytic reformer. Fig. 17. Axial temperature profile in an adiabatic microreactor operating as the first bed of a catalytic reformer.
Both clean and sulfur-poisoned catalysts were then used in 24 and 166 hour steam reforming runs at. 490 C and 25 atm with a sulfur-free naphtha feedstock. The experimental apparatus consists of a fixed bed microreactor made of stainless steel for high pre Esure runs. During each run, the catalyst activity was monitored by analyzing the reactor effluent using an on-line quadrupolc mass spectrometer as well as by gas chromatography ... [Pg.190]

MicroChannel reactors have some significant drawbacks. The most troublesome is clogging of the channels via incoming particulate matter or from fouling during the reaction process. Robustness is another common problem with microreactors. Because the unit is made at such a small internal scale, the resistance to mechanical shock is low. These issues usually render the microchannel reactor unsuitable for reactions that have precipitates as a product. For the Prox reaction, microchannel reactors are suitable provided there is no water condensation and the incoming reformate is particulate free, especially from carbon. Since microchannel reactors are often made from substrates that include stainless steel, Hastelloy, glass, silicon, polymers, and ceramics, another issue that could arise is chemical compatibility. [Pg.350]

Fig. 1 A commercial version of the Casio methanol reformer and fuel cell for a laptop computer [above and a front and back view of the microreactor for methanol reforming (below)]. (From Ref l) (View this art in color at www.dekker.com.)... Fig. 1 A commercial version of the Casio methanol reformer and fuel cell for a laptop computer [above and a front and back view of the microreactor for methanol reforming (below)]. (From Ref l) (View this art in color at www.dekker.com.)...
In discussing microreaction systems, it is helpful to first distinguish the characteristic size of a microreactor in comparison with conventional scale reactors. Two different definitions of the term microreactor are commonly used in the literature. The first defines any reactor that is an order of magnitude or more smaller than its conventional scale coimterpart as a microreactor. For example, an industrial reforming reactor might be 10,000-100,000 L in volume. Using this first definition, a 1 L reforming reactor could be considered a microreactor. This definition is not very useful as it... [Pg.1645]

Fig. 11 Scanning electron microscopy photos of microreactor produced by Jensen et al. for reforming of ammonia showing four freestanding SiN tubes, a suspended Si reaction zone with integrated thin-film platinum heater and temperature sensing resistor (TSR), and Si slabs wrapped around the four tubes. (From Ref.P l)... Fig. 11 Scanning electron microscopy photos of microreactor produced by Jensen et al. for reforming of ammonia showing four freestanding SiN tubes, a suspended Si reaction zone with integrated thin-film platinum heater and temperature sensing resistor (TSR), and Si slabs wrapped around the four tubes. (From Ref.P l)...
The uses to which microreactors have been applied are diverse and cover many fields. Examples cited here include organic synthesis, combustion, reforming, and immunoassay applications. These are only a small sample of the applications to which microreactors have been applied and without doubt an even smaller sample of the future applications of these unique reaction systems. [Pg.1658]


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